ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Younger and older patients experience different symptoms from the same breast cancer drugs, researcher finds
• Preventing diabetes at the office
• Multifaceted RNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in Streptococcus pyogenes
• Potential treatment for cirrhosis discovered by scientists
• Diagnostics with birefringence
• Worldwide resource for exploring genes' hidden messages
• Virus hijacks protein machine and then kills the host
• Drug provides another treatment option for an early form of breast cancer
• Non-small cell lung cancers can be sorted in clusters by endocytic changes
• AIDS treatment benefits health, economics of people without HIV, study shows
• Fallopian tube organoids promise better understanding of ovarian cancer, infertility
• Scientists show how drug molecules regulate a medically important protein
• Sex differences in brain may underlie neurodevelopmental disorders more common in males
• Periodic table of protein complexes
• Study offers remedy to flu vaccine delivery problems
• Unhealthy choices cost company health care plans billions of dollars
• More kids with autism evaluated as preschoolers, but more progress needed in early recognition
• Obstacles not always a hindrance to proteins
• New clues to halting nerve degeneration
• Guidelines for surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee released
• Discovery shows how herpes simplex virus reactivates in neurons to trigger disease
• New details on link between epilepsy and suicide attempt
• Drugs prevent heart damage during breast cancer treatment, study shows

Younger and older patients experience different symptoms from the same breast cancer drugs, researcher finds Posted: 11 Dec 2015 10:23 AM PST The long-term outcomes in postmenopausal women who took two widely used breast cancer treatments have been analyzed. Researchers found that although both drugs were safe and effective, and had no detrimental effect on overall quality of life, there were some differences in the type and severity of symptoms the women experienced with each treatment, and these especially differed by age.

Preventing diabetes at the office Posted: 11 Dec 2015 10:22 AM PST For people who already have high blood sugar, preventing diabetes could amount to just another day at the office. Employees enrolled in a workplace intervention program as a group lost more weight, showed greater reductions in fasting blood sugar and ate less fat than employees who received only written health guidelines for diabetes prevention, researchers report.

Multifaceted RNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in Streptococcus pyogenes Posted: 11 Dec 2015 10:17 AM PST A researcher describes that the bacterial immune defense system CRISPR-Cas9 is diverse and widespread among bacteria. She shows that the present possibilities offered by this gene editing tool can be expanded by combining natural unrelated defense systems to allow several changes in the targeted DNA at the same time.

Potential treatment for cirrhosis discovered by scientists Posted: 11 Dec 2015 10:01 AM PST Cirrhosis is the main risk factor for liver cancer. The same target may be the key to preventing and treating this condition, suggests researchers at the conclusion of a recent study. Cirrhosis is among the top 20 causes of death from disease worldwide.

Diagnostics with birefringence Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:44 AM PST A new diagnostic method has been created, based on Birefringence, the ability of substances to change the polarization state of light. With this method, doctors around the world can easily, rapidly and reliably detect malaria, Ebola or HIV to name only a few.

Worldwide resource for exploring genes' hidden messages Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:44 AM PST A new worldwide resource has been created with the first library built for researchers to explore genes' deep and hidden messages. The team has painstakingly put together the first and largest human 3'UTRome library in the world.

Virus hijacks protein machine and then kills the host Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:44 AM PST A research team has established how a virus exploits one of its host's proteins when the virus is about to replicate its genetic material during an infection. The discovery may potentially form the basis for the development of new methods for treating viral infections.

Drug provides another treatment option for an early form of breast cancer Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:43 AM PST The drug anastrozole is effective in treating an early form of breast cancer, according to a clinical trial. The results of the trial show that anastrozole is as effective as tamoxifen for this type of breast cancer and could offer a new treatment option for post-menopausal women.

Non-small cell lung cancers can be sorted in clusters by endocytic changes Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:43 AM PST Endocytosis is not normal in cancer cells but how dysregulated the process is in cancer cells has just been revealed by researchers who used three endocytic pathways as markers to sort out 29 non-small cell lung cancer lines into two distinct clusters characterized by their endocytic dysfunction.

AIDS treatment benefits health, economics of people without HIV, study shows Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:42 AM PST AIDS treatment can help HIV-negative people by quelling fear of the virus and boosting mental health and productivity, a new study demonstrates.

Fallopian tube organoids promise better understanding of ovarian cancer, infertility Posted: 11 Dec 2015 09:42 AM PST A new way of growing fallopian tube cells in culture is expected to give a boost to our understanding and prevention of female genital diseases, such as infertility, inflammatory disease, and ovarian cancer.

Scientists show how drug molecules regulate a medically important protein Posted: 10 Dec 2015 03:18 PM PST A new study shows how different pharmaceutical drugs hit either the 'on' or 'off' switch of a signaling protein linked to asthma, obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Sex differences in brain may underlie neurodevelopmental disorders more common in males Posted: 10 Dec 2015 03:16 PM PST Female infants have larger gray-matter volumes than males around the temporal-parietal junction of the brain, research shows. This brain region is important for processing of social information that is expressed in others' faces and voices, a function that is impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), possibly helping to explain the higher risk for certain forms of ASD in males.

Periodic table of protein complexes Posted: 10 Dec 2015 11:45 AM PST A new 'periodic table' provides a unified way to classify and visualize protein complexes. The study provides insights into evolutionary distribution of different types of existing protein complexes. The table provides a valuable tool for biotechnology and the engineering of novel complexes.

Study offers remedy to flu vaccine delivery problems Posted: 10 Dec 2015 11:08 AM PST The annual delivery of influenza vaccine to the American public is hardly a straight shot from federal health officials to vaccine manufacturers to physicians to patients. A recurring and vexing part of the process is a supply-chain hitch that can leave patients waiting for flu shots even when the supply of the medicine is abundant. Now experts off a potential remedy by proposing a new kind of contract between flu vaccine manufacturers and the retailers that purchase and dispense the shots to patients.

Unhealthy choices cost company health care plans billions of dollars Posted: 10 Dec 2015 11:05 AM PST One out of every four dollars employers pay for health care is tied to unhealthy lifestyle choices or conditions like smoking, stress and obesity, despite the fact that most large employers have workplace wellness programs.

More kids with autism evaluated as preschoolers, but more progress needed in early recognition Posted: 10 Dec 2015 09:56 AM PST An increasing proportion of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are undergoing recommended evaluation in the preschool years -- but population rates of ASD remain higher in eight-year-olds compared to four-year-olds, reports a study.

Obstacles not always a hindrance to proteins Posted: 10 Dec 2015 09:52 AM PST Researchers model how proteins deal with obstacles as they seek genetic targets and find that these obstacles sometimes speed the process along.

New clues to halting nerve degeneration Posted: 10 Dec 2015 09:45 AM PST A discovery into the mechanisms which lead to degeneration and loss of communication among neuron cells -- the cells controlling function in the brain and nervous system -- could potentially lead to future therapies for neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

Guidelines for surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee released Posted: 09 Dec 2015 03:35 PM PST A new clinical practice guideline has been introduced for adults undergoing surgery to improve motion and relieve pain caused by osteoarthritis of the knee. The guidelines focus on the surgical procedure most commonly performed for this condition, total knee replacement.

Discovery shows how herpes simplex virus reactivates in neurons to trigger disease Posted: 09 Dec 2015 11:31 AM PST When we get cold sores, the reason is likely related to stress. For the first time, researchers discovered a cellular mechanism that allows the herpes simplex virus to reactivate. They also found how brain cells are duped into allowing this to happen so that the virus can cause disease.

New details on link between epilepsy and suicide attempt Posted: 09 Dec 2015 11:27 AM PST New details into the link between epilepsy and suicidal behavior have been released. The research finds that suicide attempts -- whether a first attempt or a recurrent attempt -- are associated with new onset epilepsy in the absence of antiepileptic drug prescriptions and a diagnosis of psychiatric disorder, further strengthening the evidence that there is an underlying commonality.

Drugs prevent heart damage during breast cancer treatment, study shows Posted: 09 Dec 2015 11:27 AM PST Heart medications prevent damage during chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer, a clinical trial shows. The research team is also investigating how to prevent heart complications in patients with other cancers, noting several other therapies have been linked to heart complications.

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