ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Electron microscopy captures snapshot of structure coronaviruses use to enter cells
• 3-D analysis and CAD/CAM techniques lead to new advances in plastic and reconstructive surgery
• Preventing protein unfolding
• Light reflectance technique improves ability to remove prostate cancer during surgery
• Zika virus: Approaching the unknown
• HIV in Rhode Island: Newly diagnosed men often 'hooked up' online
• Palliative care important for prison population, too
• 108 million people have correctable vision impairment, global study estimates
• First in-human vaccine study for malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax
• Immune cell 'switch' discovery raises hopes in cancer fight
• Barrow neurosurgeon helps pave way for deep brain stimulation and Alzheimer's
• Study finds 36 percent increase in number of male smokers in India
• Older adults have their own perspectives on sadness, loneliness and serenity
• Bariatric surgery may reduce life-threatening heart failure exacerbation in obese patients
• Immunotherapy improves cognition in patients with schizophrenia

Electron microscopy captures snapshot of structure coronaviruses use to enter cells Posted: 26 Feb 2016 02:32 PM PST A detailed analysis has been made, at the atomic level, of an infection mechanism of coronaviruses, the agents of both mild and deadly respiratory illness in people and animals. The model of the coronavirus spike protein, which promotes entry into cells, may inspire design of antibodies to block a variety of coronaviruses. It also offers clues about the animal species or cell types a coronavirus is primed to attack.

3-D analysis and CAD/CAM techniques lead to new advances in plastic and reconstructive surgery Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST Three-dimensional analysis, virtual surgical planning, and computer-aided design and manufacturing techniques are leading to new and refined approaches to reconstructive surgery of the skull, face, and jaw, according to a special topic article.

Preventing protein unfolding Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST A computational model shows that polymers can reinforce proteins to prevent them from unfolding under mechanical forces.

Light reflectance technique improves ability to remove prostate cancer during surgery Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST Researchers have determined that light reflectance spectroscopy can differentiate between malignant and benign prostate tissue with 85 percent accuracy, a finding that may lead to real-time tissue analysis during prostate cancer surgery.

Zika virus: Approaching the unknown Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST Understanding the scale and range of neurological disease associated with Zika virus infection is an urgent priority, warn researchers.

HIV in Rhode Island: Newly diagnosed men often 'hooked up' online Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST A strong correlation has been found between new HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men in Rhode Island and their use of online hookup sites. Study authors have called for operators of hookup websites and apps to work with public health officials to include more prevention messaging.

Palliative care important for prison population, too Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST With an increasingly aging prison population, end-of-life care for inmates is becoming a more prominent issue, according to researchers. End-of-life care can be complicated, no matter who the patient is, but can be especially challenging for those behind bars.

108 million people have correctable vision impairment, global study estimates Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:41 AM PST Uncorrected refractive error -- nearsightedness, farsightedness, and other focusing problems correctable by prescription lenses -- is responsible for moderate to severe vision impairment in 101 million people and blindness in seven million people worldwide, reports a new study.

First in-human vaccine study for malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax Posted: 26 Feb 2016 11:39 AM PST Researchers recently published the results of testing a Plasmodium vivax malaria vaccine candidate in a human challenge model.

Immune cell 'switch' discovery raises hopes in cancer fight Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:36 AM PST Researchers have discovered the mechanism that drives specialized immune cells that detect and kill cancer cells in the body, offering scientists a new way to develop potential drug targets and cancer treatments.

Barrow neurosurgeon helps pave way for deep brain stimulation and Alzheimer's Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:36 AM PST Neurosurgeons at Barrow Neurological Institute in Phoenix are involved with testing the viability of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat Alzheimer's disease, a disorder that currently has few treatment options. Results from the Phase 2 study, reported in the Journal of Neurosurgery on Dec. 18, 2015, demonstrated the safety of DBS in Alzheimer's patients.

Study finds 36 percent increase in number of male smokers in India Posted: 26 Feb 2016 10:36 AM PST The number of men smoking tobacco in India rose by more than one-third to 108 million between 1998 and 2015, according to a new study.

Older adults have their own perspectives on sadness, loneliness and serenity Posted: 25 Feb 2016 11:00 AM PST Older adults have different, more positive responses than young adults about feelings such as serenity, sadness and loneliness, a new study shows. An author calls the findings 'highly clinically significant' because the information could help caregivers, psychotherapists and workers at assisted living facilities better understand the emotions of older people in their care.

Bariatric surgery may reduce life-threatening heart failure exacerbation in obese patients Posted: 25 Feb 2016 10:58 AM PST A new study finds that heart failure patients who underwent bariatric surgery to treat morbid obesity had a significant reduction in the incidence of heart failure exacerbation -- a dangerous, sudden worsening of symptoms -- in the two years following surgery.

Immunotherapy improves cognition in patients with schizophrenia Posted: 25 Feb 2016 10:58 AM PST A recent study of a handful of patients supports mounting evidence that targeted suppression of inflammation packaged with standard therapy can improve the cognitive ability of patients with schizophrenia, physician-scientists report.

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