الأحد، 27 مارس 2016

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

What's in a name? In some cases, longer life

Posted: 26 Mar 2016 07:56 AM PDT

Black men with historically distinctive black names such as Elijah and Moses lived a year longer, on average, than other black men, according to new research examining 3 million death certificates from 1802 to 1970.

New insights into human tears could lead to more comfortable contact lenses

Posted: 25 Mar 2016 12:17 PM PDT

Chemical engineers have discovered mechanical properties of the tear film on the eye's surface that can be used to manufacture contact lenses that more closely mimic the eye.

Researchers link absence of protein to liver tissue regeneration

Posted: 25 Mar 2016 12:17 PM PDT

Inactivating a certain protein-coding gene promotes liver tissue regeneration in mammals, scientists report. The liver is unique among human solid organs in its robust regenerative capability. A healthy liver can regenerate up to 70 percent of its tissue after injury, researchers explained.

New class of molecular 'lightbulbs' illuminate MRI

Posted: 25 Mar 2016 12:17 PM PDT

Scientists have discovered a new class of molecular tags that enhance MRI signals by 10,000-fold and generate detectable signals that last over an hour. The tags are biocompatible and inexpensive to produce, paving the way for widespread use of MRI to monitor the metabolic processes of conditions like cancer and heart disease in real time.

Signs of stress in the brain may signal future heart trouble

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 04:24 PM PDT

New research shows that individuals with a greater degree of activity in the stress center of the brain also have more evidence of inflammation in their arteries and were at higher risk for cardiovascular events, including heart attack, stroke and death, according to a new study.

Heart attack patients getting younger, more obese

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 04:24 PM PDT

Despite increased understanding of heart disease risk factors and the need for preventive lifestyle changes, patients suffering the most severe type of heart attack have become younger, more obese and more likely to have preventable risk factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to a new study.

Mammograms: Another way to screen for heart disease?

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 04:24 PM PDT

Routine mammography -- widely recommended for breast cancer screening -- may also be a useful tool to identify women at risk for heart disease, potentially allowing for earlier intervention, according to a new study.

New findings in humans provide encouraging foundation for upcoming AIDS vaccine clinical trial

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 12:00 PM PDT

Some people infected with HIV naturally produce antibodies that effectively neutralize many strains of the rapidly mutating virus, and scientists are working to develop a vaccine capable of inducing such "broadly neutralizing" antibodies that can prevent HIV infection.

Simulation study shows that pandemic swine flu had a minor impact in Finland

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 11:59 AM PDT

Researchers have used modeling to estimate the true impact of infectious diseases, such as swine flu, when underreporting can mean the surveillance from time of the pandemic can miss the vast majority of infections that occur in the population.

High-throughput screen identifies potential henipavirus drug target

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 11:54 AM PDT

First high-throughput RNA interference screen for host genes that are essential for live henipavirus infection of human cells, and identifies a specific cell protein called fibrillarin as a potential target for drugs against henipaviruses and other paramyxoviruses.

Human ancestors explored 'out of Africa' despite impaired nasal faculties

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 11:53 AM PDT

In humans inhaled air is conditioned poorly in the nasal cavity in comparison with primates, such as chimpanzees and macaques, according a recent study. Unlike our protruding external nose, which has little effect on improving air conditioning performance, other hominins (including australopithecines) were endowed with flat nasal features and faculties to improve air conditioning.

Humans use 'sticky molecules' to hang on to good bacteria in the gut

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 11:32 AM PDT

Scientists have come up with an explanation for how humans keep hold of the good bacteria in the gut: by making them 'sticky.'

DNA devices perform bio-analytical chemistry inside live cells

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 10:39 AM PDT

A research group has become the first to demonstrate the functioning of a DNA nanomachine inside a living organism. Last summer, her team reported another achievement: the development of a DNA nanosensor that measures the physiological concentration of chloride.

Standard for a more protective crystalline silica exposure

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 10:34 AM PDT

While it took nearly three years of waiting, the American Thoracic Society is pleased that OSHA has issued its final rule establishing a more protective standard for occupational silica. The new more protective standard will greatly reduce exposure to this known and potentially deadly occupational hazard.

Couples' pre-pregnancy caffeine consumption linked to miscarriage risk

Posted: 24 Mar 2016 10:30 AM PDT

A woman is more likely to miscarry if she and her partner drink more than two caffeinated beverages a day during the weeks leading up to conception, according to a new study. Similarly, women who drank more than two daily caffeinated beverages during the first seven weeks of pregnancy were also more likely to miscarry.
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