ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• New disease gene will lead to better screening for pediatric heart disease
• Loss of Y chromosome is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: Why do men have shorter lives than women?
• E-cigarette marketing linked to teen e-cigarette use
• Chloride 'switch' turns on membrane formation
• Hearing snap, crackle, pop may help heal your knee
• Making virus sensors cheap and simple: New method detects single viruses in urine
• When it comes to replicating studies, context matters, an analysis of reproducibility project work finds
• Does sepsis keep killing months later?
• Antihypertensive effect of fermented milk products under the microscope
• New research may expand engineered T-cell cancer treatment
• The trial, error of viral evolution: The difference between fading out, pandemic
• New research maps in unique detail the devastation of the Black Death on medieval England
• Yellow fever epidemic threatens to spread from Angola to China
• Single enzyme with the power of three could offer shortcut to therapeutic target
• Proteins key to unlocking cancer for National Cancer Moonshot
• Low- and high-birthweight babies appear at increased risk for cardiovascular disease
• Extreme preemies disadvantaged in employment, income, self-esteem, marriage and more by their 30s
• Epigenetic modification increases susceptibility to obesity and predicts fatty liver
• Mutation protects against heart disease
• Breast cancer drug discovery offers hope of new treatments
• Are childhood stroke outcomes associated with BP, blood glucose, temperature?
• Despite pressing need, survey finds most Americans unlikely to enroll in clinical trials
• New study captures ultrafast motion of proteins
• Exercise associated with longer life in patients with heart failure
• Flu vaccination associated with lower dementia risk in patients with heart failure
• Blood test uncovers undiagnosed diabetes in hospital patients with high blood sugar
• Fathers' long commute to work is linked to children's social, emotional problems
• Ketamine found more effective for treating highly-agitated patients during transport to hospital
• Tweeting your weight loss? Is there a link between microblogging, eating disorders?
• The protein that mysteriously assesses distances
• Dietary experiments in mice point the way to early detection of cancer in humans
• Knowledge of positive cologuard test improves colonoscopy performance
• Hacking memory to follow through with intentions
• Engineers take first step toward flexible, wearable biosensor device
• Evidence of link between cancer, light therapy inconclusive but warrants consideration
• How does obesity cause disease in organs distant from those where fat accumulates?
• One-third of heart failure patients do not return to work

New disease gene will lead to better screening for pediatric heart disease Posted: 23 May 2016 06:25 PM PDT Cardiomyopathy, or a deterioration of the ability of the heart muscle to contract, generally leads to progressive heart failure. It is frequently inherited, and, because approximately 40 percent of children born with it are likely to die within five years of diagnosis, being able to identify its genetic basis is particularly important. Now, an international team of researchers has identified a new disease gene which is implicated in the development of severe pediatric cardiomyopathies.

Loss of Y chromosome is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: Why do men have shorter lives than women? Posted: 23 May 2016 06:25 PM PDT The loss of the Y chromosome in batches of cells over time continues to develop as one biological explanation for why men, on average, live shorter lives than women. Researchers found that men with blood samples showing loss of chromosome Y developed Alzheimer's as often as people born with genes that put them at the most risk for the disease.

E-cigarette marketing linked to teen e-cigarette use Posted: 23 May 2016 01:07 PM PDT Exposure to e-cigarette marketing messages is significantly associated with e-cigarette use among middle school and high school students, according to researchers.

Chloride 'switch' turns on membrane formation Posted: 23 May 2016 01:06 PM PDT Chloride plays a key role in the formation of the basement membrane, a suprastructure on the outside of cells that undergirds and guides the function of most of the tissues of the body. In particular, chloride signals the assembly of collagen IV 'smart scaffolds,' a critical step in basement membrane formation, researchers report.

Hearing snap, crackle, pop may help heal your knee Posted: 23 May 2016 01:06 PM PDT New acoustic device research reveals that even a healthy knee makes cringe-worthy sounds. But the audio can be turned into graphs, and researchers hope they will some day become medically useful.

Making virus sensors cheap and simple: New method detects single viruses in urine Posted: 23 May 2016 01:04 PM PDT Scientists have developed a new method to rapidly detect a single virus in urine. While the technique presently works on just one virus, scientists say it could be adapted to detect a range of viruses that plague humans, including Ebola, Zika and HIV.

When it comes to replicating studies, context matters, an analysis of reproducibility project work finds Posted: 23 May 2016 01:04 PM PDT Contextual factors, such as the race of participants in an experiment or the geography of where the experiment was run, can reduce the likelihood of replicating psychological studies, a team of researchers has found.

Does sepsis keep killing months later? Posted: 23 May 2016 11:15 AM PDT Researchers have investigated if previous health conditions in sicker patients were driving the risk of late death after sepsis. Late death refers to the deaths that take place months to years after the acute infection has resolved.

Antihypertensive effect of fermented milk products under the microscope Posted: 23 May 2016 11:15 AM PDT Over the past decade, interest has been rising in fermented dairy foods that promote health and could potentially prevent diseases such as hypertension (high blood pressure). Functional dairy products that lower blood pressure and heart rate may offer consumers an effective alternative to antihypertensive drugs if their effectiveness can be demonstrated. Investigators now review the scientific basis of reported claims and identify opportunities for developing products based on new lactic acid bacteria.

New research may expand engineered T-cell cancer treatment Posted: 23 May 2016 11:15 AM PDT Researchers may have figured out a way to call off a cancer cell assassin that sometimes goes rogue. The scientists designed genetically engineered CAR T cells that must be activated and targeted by a small molecule adaptor. The technology has been tested in animal models.

The trial, error of viral evolution: The difference between fading out, pandemic Posted: 23 May 2016 10:23 AM PDT Investigators are studying viral evolution with the aim of finding knowledge that might help prevent disease. The researchers analyzed multiple studies on three well-known and varied viral families, all of which have genomes that consist of segments of genetic material called RNA. RNA viruses are ubiquitous in nature, infecting most animals, including humans, plants, and bacteria.

New research maps in unique detail the devastation of the Black Death on medieval England Posted: 23 May 2016 10:19 AM PDT An innovative new archaeological study has revealed in detail for the first time how individual towns, villages and hamlets across swathes of medieval England were decimated by the Black Death.

Yellow fever epidemic threatens to spread from Angola to China Posted: 23 May 2016 10:08 AM PDT The spread of yellow fever is a global health threat. In response to current outbreaks in Angola, other African countries, and China, WHO convened an emergency committee on May 19, 2016 to underscore the severity of the outbreak. Infectious disease authorities from South Africa and Singapore explain the epidemiology and ecology of YF and discuss the factors that can increase and decrease the likelihood of progression from outbreak to epidemic.

Single enzyme with the power of three could offer shortcut to therapeutic target Posted: 23 May 2016 10:08 AM PDT Researchers identified a single enzyme doing the work of a trio thought necessary to control a common cellular signaling process being pursued as a therapeutic target. The work was done through a study of Legionella pneumophila, the bacterium that causes Legionnaires' disease.

Proteins key to unlocking cancer for National Cancer Moonshot Posted: 23 May 2016 10:08 AM PDT The National Cancer Moonshot initiative needs to move beyond genomics to target the proteins that are driving cancer, according to a new paper.

Low- and high-birthweight babies appear at increased risk for cardiovascular disease Posted: 23 May 2016 09:59 AM PDT Babies born at both low and high birthweights appear to be at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes by the time they become adolescents, researchers report.

Extreme preemies disadvantaged in employment, income, self-esteem, marriage and more by their 30s Posted: 23 May 2016 08:42 AM PDT Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies who survive are more likely to be disadvantaged in employment, income, self-esteem, marriage and more by the time they reach their 30s. A longitudinal study has followed the ELBW survivors born between 1977 and 1982.

Epigenetic modification increases susceptibility to obesity and predicts fatty liver Posted: 23 May 2016 08:38 AM PDT Scientists have shown in a mouse model that the epigenetic* modification of the Igfbp2 gene observed in the young animal precedes a fatty liver in the adult animal. In addition, young animals with this modification exhibit impaired glucose metabolism and are significantly more prone to morbid obesity. Also in morbidly obese people with incipient diabetes, this modification in the corresponding gene was found. So it may potentially be used as a risk marker.

Mutation protects against heart disease Posted: 23 May 2016 08:38 AM PDT Just less than one per cent of the population is naturally protected against developing chronic coronary artery diseases, a new study suggests.

Breast cancer drug discovery offers hope of new treatments Posted: 23 May 2016 08:38 AM PDT A new drug discovery approach has yielded a potential therapy for breast cancer that may be more effective than existing medicines. Scientists have identified a chemical compound that is highly effective at blocking the growth of breast cancer cells in the laboratory.

Are childhood stroke outcomes associated with BP, blood glucose, temperature? Posted: 23 May 2016 08:37 AM PDT Infarct (tissue damage) volume and hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) were associated with poor neurological outcomes after childhood stroke but hypertension and fever were not, according to a new article.

Despite pressing need, survey finds most Americans unlikely to enroll in clinical trials Posted: 23 May 2016 07:50 AM PDT The lack of participation in clinical research may be the Achilles' heel of today's cancer community. According to a new survey of more than 1,500 consumers and nearly 600 physicians, only 35 percent of Americans indicated that they were "likely" to enroll in a clinical trial. Other studies have shown that only 4 percent of cancer patients enroll in clinical trials nationally each year.

New study captures ultrafast motion of proteins Posted: 23 May 2016 07:47 AM PDT For the first time, scientists have observed the structural changes in carbonic anhydrase. They expect that this will greatly contribute to the future biomedical research and new drug development.

Exercise associated with longer life in patients with heart failure Posted: 23 May 2016 07:47 AM PDT Exercise is associated with a longer life in patients with heart failure, according to new research. The analysis in more than 4000 patients showed a mortality benefit from exercise regardless of heart failure severity, age and gender.

Flu vaccination associated with lower dementia risk in patients with heart failure Posted: 23 May 2016 07:47 AM PDT Influenza vaccination is associated with a lower risk of dementia in patients with heart failure, according to a new study in more than 20,000 patients.

Blood test uncovers undiagnosed diabetes in hospital patients with high blood sugar Posted: 23 May 2016 07:47 AM PDT A retrospective review of medical records found the HbA1C test, commonly used to diagnose and manage diabetes, can effectively detect hidden disease among hospital patients with hyperglycemia, commonly known as high blood sugar.

Fathers' long commute to work is linked to children's social, emotional problems Posted: 23 May 2016 05:40 AM PDT Fathers' commuting to work has multiple negative impacts on children's behavior. Children whose fathers commute to work over a long distance tend to have more emotional and social problems. While the impact of commuting on employees has been extensively investigated, this study is the first one to show the negative effects of commuting to work by fathers on the social and emotional well-being of German children.

Ketamine found more effective for treating highly-agitated patients during transport to hospital Posted: 23 May 2016 05:40 AM PDT Scientists have shown that ketamine is far more effective than the more commonly used haloperidol for treating highly-agitated patients prior to hospitalization. Patients were sedated in five minutes on average when treated with ketamine -- 12 minutes faster than the average sedation time using haloperidol. The increased efficacy in sedation does come with a trade-off; the rate of complications and need for intubation both increase markedly for patients treated with ketamine.

Tweeting your weight loss? Is there a link between microblogging, eating disorders? Posted: 23 May 2016 05:38 AM PDT In a new study, investigators have explored the relationship between social media, eating disorders, and compulsive exercise.

The protein that mysteriously assesses distances Posted: 23 May 2016 05:38 AM PDT A protein of the ISWI family (Imitation Switch, or nucleosome remodelling motors) is endowed with a special property: despite having no organ of sense it is nonetheless able to assess the length of DNA strands. A new study has discovered how it works.

Dietary experiments in mice point the way to early detection of cancer in humans Posted: 23 May 2016 05:36 AM PDT Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the Western world, mainly because it is usually diagnosed too late. Finding ways to identify those people who are at increased risk of developing colon cancer is therefore crucial.

Knowledge of positive cologuard test improves colonoscopy performance Posted: 23 May 2016 05:36 AM PDT An endoscopist's knowledge of a positive Cologuard test improves colonoscopy performance, according to a recent study. Cologuard is an at-home, stool-DNA colorectal cancer screening test that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Hacking memory to follow through with intentions Posted: 23 May 2016 05:36 AM PDT Whether it's paying the electric bill or taking the clothes out of the dryer, there are many daily tasks that we fully intend to complete and then promptly forget about. New research suggests that linking these tasks to distinctive cues that we'll encounter at the right place and the right time may help us remember to follow through.

Engineers take first step toward flexible, wearable biosensor device Posted: 23 May 2016 05:36 AM PDT Engineers have developed the first flexible wearable device capable of monitoring both biochemical and electric signals in the human body. The Chem-Phys patch records electrocardiogram heart signals and tracks levels of lactate, a biochemical that is a marker of physical effort, in real time. The device can be worn on the chest and communicates wirelessly with a smartphone, smart watch or laptop.

Evidence of link between cancer, light therapy inconclusive but warrants consideration Posted: 23 May 2016 05:36 AM PDT Two new studies raise enough questions about a possible link between childhood cancer and light therapy for newborn jaundice that clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing it for infants whose jaundice will likely resolve on its own. The suggestion of a link, however, should not deter use of the treatment, also known as phototherapy, in babies who otherwise would be at risk of brain damage or hearing loss.

How does obesity cause disease in organs distant from those where fat accumulates? Posted: 22 May 2016 11:41 AM PDT Many of the conditions related to obesity do not appear to affect the parts of the body where the excess fat accumulates, but rather to involve body systems that are remote from the fat accumulation. Now an international group of scientists has taken an important step towards understanding the links between obesity and the related, yet physically distant, diseases it causes.

One-third of heart failure patients do not return to work Posted: 22 May 2016 11:41 AM PDT One-third of patients hospitalized with heart failure for the first time have not returned to work one year later, reveals a new study in nearly 12.000 patients.

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