ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Integrating ecological analysis into massive sequencing studies
• Active hedgehog signalling in connective tissue cells protects against colon cancer
• Noisy neighbours: Measuring the impact of human-generated noise pollution on sea mammals in the Mediterranean
• Olfactory receptors discovered in bronchi
• IceCube search for the 'sterile neutrino' draws a blank
• Magma-limestone interaction can trigger explosive volcanic eruptions and affect the global carbon cycle
• Insight into why the universe is dominated by matter and why we exist
• Got sleep? The amount you get could affect your marital mindset
• Researchers combine simulation, experiment for nanoscale 3-D printing
• Stronger terahertz waves allow safer detection of hidden objects
• Subduction zone earthquakes off Oregon, Washington more frequent than previous estimates
• New virus found during investigation into largemouth bass fish kill
• Psychologist reveals science behind a fulfilling single life
• Autism risk in younger children increases if they have older sibling with disorder
• Asthma pill could reduce symptoms in severe sufferers
• Age-related infertility may be caused by scarred ovaries
• Hidden, local climate impacts of drought-friendly vegetation
• Tall or short? Thick or thin? Many factors affect arm, leg size
• Inspired by evolution: A simple treatment for breathing problem among premature infants
• Self-healing diamond-like carbon
• Discovery of infants' airway microbiomes may help predict lung disease
• Diamond-based light sources will lay a foundation for quantum communications of the future
• Scientists identify marker for myeloid-derived suppressor cells
• Sleep apnea worsens non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents
• Hot 'new' material found to exist in nature
• Climate summaries 'for grownups,' but not too difficult for policymakers
• Women appear to be more accepting of their bodies/weight
• After the fight, friendship
• Record-breaking logic gate 'another important milestone' on road to quantum computers
• From Sci Fi to reality: Unlocking the secret to growing new limbs
• Greater production of 'feeling full' hormone could be responsible for weight loss
• Under-reporting of fisheries catches threatens Caribbean marine life
• Research to improve treatment for millions of lung disease patients
• Can nature videos help improve prisoner behavior?
• Individualizing weight management program may increase success rate
• New way to compare mobile phone cameras: Benchmarking takes into account also camera speed
• Green and sweet: How plant sugars influence malaria transmission
• Putting the pressure on platinum
• Microbes pump electrons into magnetic particles for long range energy transport
• Shape-changing metamaterial developed using Kirigami technique
• Complex genetic secrets of cancer risk uncovered
• Gene testing in rare tumor type could uncover 'cancer families'
• Viewing video in slow motion makes action appear more intentional, new study finds

Integrating ecological analysis into massive sequencing studies Posted: 08 Aug 2016 06:11 AM PDT Researchers have proposed a change in the way massive sequencing studies into the microbial composition of biological samples are carried out. Their new article suggests that the data should be crossed with innovative culture criteria and interpreted from the ecological viewpoint.

Active hedgehog signalling in connective tissue cells protects against colon cancer Posted: 08 Aug 2016 06:11 AM PDT Many types of cancer are caused by gene mutations in the signalling pathways that control cell growth, such as the hedgehog signalling pathway. A new study now surprisingly shows that in colon cancer hedgehog signalling has a protective function.

Noisy neighbours: Measuring the impact of human-generated noise pollution on sea mammals in the Mediterranean Posted: 08 Aug 2016 06:11 AM PDT A new study is set to to analyze the possible influence of anthropogenic or human-generated disturbances on different cetacean mammals in the Mediterranean Sea. It focuses on three areas within the Levantine-Balearic marine region: Cabrera Island, Cape San Antonio and the Columbretes Isles.

Olfactory receptors discovered in bronchi Posted: 08 Aug 2016 06:11 AM PDT Researchers identified two types of olfactory receptors in human muscle cells of bronchi. If those receptors are activated by binding an odorant, bronchi dilate and contract – a potential approach for asthma therapy.

IceCube search for the 'sterile neutrino' draws a blank Posted: 08 Aug 2016 06:11 AM PDT In an effort to fill in the blanks of the Standard Model of particle physics, science has been conducting a diligent search for a hypothesized particle known as the "sterile neutrino."

Magma-limestone interaction can trigger explosive volcanic eruptions and affect the global carbon cycle Posted: 07 Aug 2016 03:34 PM PDT New research shows what happens when magma meets limestone on its way up to the surface. Magma-limestone interaction might help explain why volcanoes like Vesuvius in Italy and Merapi in Indonesia are particularly explosive and, moreover, it helps us to understand another source of natural carbon released to the atmosphere by volcanoes.

Insight into why the universe is dominated by matter and why we exist Posted: 07 Aug 2016 05:41 AM PDT New findings reveal why the universe is dominated by matter and why we exist and how matter and antimatter are different.

Got sleep? The amount you get could affect your marital mindset Posted: 06 Aug 2016 06:16 AM PDT A new study found that when husbands and wives get more sleep than on an average night, they are more satisfied with their marriages, at least the following day.

Researchers combine simulation, experiment for nanoscale 3-D printing Posted: 06 Aug 2016 06:16 AM PDT A research team has created a high-power simulation and design process to print free-standing 3-D structures on the nanoscale using focused electron beam induced deposition. The simulation-guided nanomanufacturing method allows researchers to design and construct complex high-fidelity nanostructures with less guesswork.

Stronger terahertz waves allow safer detection of hidden objects Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:01 PM PDT Researchers have come up with a way to use an unconventional laser beam -- called an Airy beam -- to create terahertz (THz) waves. THz waves can yield high-resolution images of hidden objects and are not considered harmful to human tissue, making them highly attractive for law enforcement and medical purposes. The THz waves created in Rochester are 5.3 times stronger than those generated by move conventional means.

Subduction zone earthquakes off Oregon, Washington more frequent than previous estimates Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:01 PM PDT A new analysis suggests that massive earthquakes on northern sections of the Cascadia Subduction Zone, affecting areas of the Pacific Northwest that are more heavily populated, are somewhat more frequent than has been believed in the past. The chance of one occurring within the next 50 years is also slightly higher than previously estimated.

New virus found during investigation into largemouth bass fish kill Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:01 PM PDT A new virus has been identified in association with a die-off of largemouth bass in Pine Lake in Wisconsin's Forest County. The previously unknown virus was isolated at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's La Crosse Fish Health Center from dead fish collected by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) during an investigation into a May 2015 fish kill in the northeastern Wisconsin lake.

Psychologist reveals science behind a fulfilling single life Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:01 PM PDT Dating shows, dating apps -- they all strive to make sure none of us end up uncoupled forever. But it turns out many single people embrace their single lives, and are likely to experience more psychological growth and development than married people.

Autism risk in younger children increases if they have older sibling with disorder Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:01 PM PDT A new study found that the risk of younger siblings developing an autism spectrum disorder is 14 times higher if an older sibling has ASD. The study also found the risk level was consistent across gestational age at birth.

Asthma pill could reduce symptoms in severe sufferers Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:00 PM PDT The first new asthma pill for nearly 20 years has the power to significantly reduce the severity of the condition, a new study has found.

Age-related infertility may be caused by scarred ovaries Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:00 PM PDT Women's decreased ability to produce healthy eggs as they become older may be due to excessive scarring and inflammation in their ovaries, reports a new study in mice. This is the first study to show the ovarian environment ages and that aging affects the quality of eggs it produces. These findings could result in new treatments that preserve fertility by delaying ovarian aging.

Hidden, local climate impacts of drought-friendly vegetation Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:51 PM PDT Scientists determined that if a many Los Angeles property owners switch their lawns to drought-tolerant landscaping, it could increase local temperatures and exacerbate heat waves, and would have other similar consequences.

Tall or short? Thick or thin? Many factors affect arm, leg size Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:51 PM PDT For over 60 years, scientists have theorized that a person's body shape and size could be influenced by the climate of where they live. Now a new study suggests there's more to the equation. The paper is among the first to document how evolutionary selection has shaped variation in human limbs across the globe.

Inspired by evolution: A simple treatment for breathing problem among premature infants Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:51 PM PDT As humans evolved over many thousands of years, our bodies developed a system to help us when we start running and suddenly need more oxygen. Now, using that innate reflex as inspiration, researchers have developed a noninvasive way to treat potentially harmful breathing problems in babies who were born prematurely.

Self-healing diamond-like carbon Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT A group of tribologists -- scientists who study the effect of friction in machines -- and computational materials scientists recently discovered a revolutionary diamond-like film that is generated by the heat and pressure of an automotive engine.

Discovery of infants' airway microbiomes may help predict lung disease Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT In contrast to the general belief that the airways of an infant are sterile until after birth, researchers have found that the infant airway is already colonized with bacteria when a baby is born -- and this is true for infants born as early as 24 weeks gestation. How microbes get into the airways is still unclear, but the pattern of colonization appears to have an important link to later severe neonatal lung disease.

Diamond-based light sources will lay a foundation for quantum communications of the future Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT Scientists might have solved one of the most challenging problems of quantum communications, showing that diamonds may be used as ultra-bright single photon emitters. Discrete generation of photons is essential for quantum communications. It is remarkable that the described emission mechanism makes it possible to create energy efficient light sources operating at room temperature.

Scientists identify marker for myeloid-derived suppressor cells Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT Scientists have identified a marker that distinguishes PMN-MDSCs from neutrophils in the blood of patients with a variety of cancers. Study also showed that higher numbers of cells positive for the marker were associated with larger tumor size.

Sleep apnea worsens non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT Studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea and low nighttime oxygen, which result in oxidative stress, are associated with the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults. Investigators have now established that these factors may also be important triggers in the progression of pediatric NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, according to a new report.

Hot 'new' material found to exist in nature Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT One of the hottest new materials is a class of porous solids known as metal-organic frameworks, or MOFs. Now, a surprising discovery reveals that MOFs also exist in nature -- albeit in the form of rare minerals found so far only in Siberian coal mines.

Climate summaries 'for grownups,' but not too difficult for policymakers Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT Offering a rare insider analysis of the climate assessment process, experts examined the writing and editing procedures by which the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change creates summaries of their findings for policymakers. Despite recent critiques that these summaries are too difficult for non-experts, researchers found them comparable to reference texts in terms of reading comprehension level.

Women appear to be more accepting of their bodies/weight Posted: 05 Aug 2016 12:49 PM PDT Despite growing rates of obesity in the United States, and a culture apparently obsessed with selfies, women today appear to be more accepting of their bodies than in the past, at least in regard to weight, according to new research.

After the fight, friendship Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:52 AM PDT Using videos of four sports in 44 countries, reserachers found that men are far more likely to engage in friendly physical contact -- handshakes, back pats and even hugs -- following competition than women.

Record-breaking logic gate 'another important milestone' on road to quantum computers Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:52 AM PDT Researchers have achieved a quantum logic gate with record-breaking 99.9% precision, reaching the benchmark required theoretically to build a quantum computer.

From Sci Fi to reality: Unlocking the secret to growing new limbs Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:52 AM PDT Many lower organisms retain the ability to regenerate tissue after injury. Humans share many genes with these organisms, but our capacity for regeneration is limited. Scientists are studying the genetics of these organisms to find out how regenerative mechanisms might be activated in humans. Researchers have identified common genetic regulators in three regenerative species, suggesting that they have been conserved by nature through evolution.

Greater production of 'feeling full' hormone could be responsible for weight loss Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:50 AM PDT A study that might hold the key to why octogenarians are prone to losing weight has been conducted.

Under-reporting of fisheries catches threatens Caribbean marine life Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:50 AM PDT Marine fisheries catches have been drastically under-reported in the Turks and Caicos Islands in the Caribbean, threatening the marine environment and livelihoods of the local community, reveals a recent study.

Research to improve treatment for millions of lung disease patients Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:50 AM PDT New lung scanning technology has the potential to transform treatment for millions of people with lung disease.

Can nature videos help improve prisoner behavior? Posted: 05 Aug 2016 08:50 AM PDT Researchers have identified a simple intervention that may help reduce levels of violence in maximum security prisons. Inmates who viewed nature videos showed reduced levels of aggression and were less likely to be disciplined than those in similar cellblocks, according to new research.

Individualizing weight management program may increase success rate Posted: 05 Aug 2016 06:17 AM PDT Adapting a weight management program to the client's personality may help improve success rates. This is one of the preliminary findings of a research study to identify factors that help and hinder clients enrolled in the Profile by Sanford weight management program, which has more than 50,000 members at 27 locations in 10 states.

New way to compare mobile phone cameras: Benchmarking takes into account also camera speed Posted: 05 Aug 2016 05:57 AM PDT Researchers have defined a new benchmarking method for mobile phone cameras. The benchmarking combines different image quality and camera performance metrics to a comparable, single value benchmarking score.

Green and sweet: How plant sugars influence malaria transmission Posted: 05 Aug 2016 05:57 AM PDT Female mosquitoes are well known blood-feeders, but they also consume sugar sources such as nectar, fruits and tree sap. A study suggests that the plant-based part of their diet affects malaria transmission by influencing the host-pathogen interaction between Anopheles mosquitoes and Plasmodium parasites.

Putting the pressure on platinum Posted: 05 Aug 2016 05:57 AM PDT Researchers have developed a novel superconducting material based on platinum, which was, until recently, thought to be unsuitable as a superconducting material.

Microbes pump electrons into magnetic particles for long range energy transport Posted: 05 Aug 2016 05:57 AM PDT New research has found that bacteria are able to pump electrons, or "energy" directly into solid, conductive magnetic minerals which can potentially be used for long range transport processes. The finding suggests that electron hopping within a solid magnetic mineral, called magnetite, can be triggered by microbial activity.

Shape-changing metamaterial developed using Kirigami technique Posted: 05 Aug 2016 05:54 AM PDT Engineers have developed a new shape-changing metamaterial using Kirigami, which is the ancient Japanese art of cutting and folding paper to obtain 3-D shapes.

Complex genetic secrets of cancer risk uncovered Posted: 04 Aug 2016 06:29 PM PDT In a landmark multi-country study, researchers have transformed our understanding of the genes that affect our risk of cancer. The researchers uncovered numerous new genetic risk factors for the bone and soft-tissue cancer, sarcoma -- and, in a world first for any cancer, they showed that carrying several of these genetic mutations markedly increases an individual's cancer risk. The findings have immediate implications for how sarcomas and other cancers are treated.

Gene testing in rare tumor type could uncover 'cancer families' Posted: 04 Aug 2016 06:29 PM PDT Genetic testing of patients with a rare form of cancer that can affect children and young adults can pick out genetic errors hidden in their family tree which increase the risk of a wide variety of cancer types.

Viewing video in slow motion makes action appear more intentional, new study finds Posted: 04 Aug 2016 02:23 PM PDT Watching a video of a harmful or violent act being committed can provide useful evidence of the circumstances surrounding the action. But new research shows that watching that same video in slow motion can often cause viewers to see something that may not be there: intentionality.

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