ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Your birth year predicts your odds if flu pandemic were to strike
• Two paths at once: Watching the buildup of quantum superpositions
• Pain is not just a matter of nerves
• Australian continent shifts with the seasons, study finds
• Water, water: The two types of liquid water
• A funnel on Mars could be a place to look for life
• DNA-based Zika vaccine showed protection from infection, brain damage and death
• Molecular signature for aggressive brain tumor uncovered
• Dinosaur discovery casts light on final flurry of animals' evolution
• iPad game effective in treating lazy eye in children
• Climate, human influence conspired in Lake Urmia's decline
• First random laser made of paper-based ceramics
• Potential support for ban on microbeads in cosmetics
• New behavioral variant in wild chimpanzees: Algae fishing in Bakoun, Guinea
• Sensor for blood flow discovered in blood vessels
• Support from family, friends significantly reduces stress in wild chimpanzees
• Genome of black blow fly mapped
• Hunt for Huntington's cause yields clues
• Artificial-intelligence system surfs web to improve its performance
• Researchers use fruit flies to understand how body responds to harmful, cold stimuli
• Climate change already dramatically disrupting all elements of nature
• Brain scans could help predict response to psychotherapy for anxiety and depression
• 'Personalized medicine' as ideal in treatment of psychiatric disturbances
• Why do seabirds eat plastic?
• Thawing ice makes the Alps grow
• Hazardous chemicals discovered in flavored e-cigarette vapor
• Sudoku strategy democratizes powerful tool for genetics research
• Antibody supresses HIV in infected individuals
• Major artery more rigid in African-Americans, which may explain high rates of hypertension, heart disease
• Scientists, interns bring structural biology's 'magic bullet' technique to x-ray lasers
• Solar cells get boost with integration of water-splitting catalyst onto semiconductor
• What does it take to make a memory? Study says new proteins
• Cone or flask? The shape that detects confinement
• Researchers put single molecules in super-fridge
• Are family relationships at the root of financial risk-taking?
• What will increase economic investment for carbon-neutral technologies?
• Peculiarities of huge equatorial jet stream in Saturn's atmosphere revealed
• Preservation of monuments: Pinpointed repair reduces costs
• Student attachment and well-being are greater in classrooms with higher emotional intelligence
• HIV test performed on USB stick
• The golden drool: Study finds treasure trove of info in saliva of foraging bears
• Accelerating cancer research with deep learning
• Game theory shows how tragedies of the commons might be averted
• New promise for immunotherapy as HIV treatment
• Power outage in the brain may be source of Alzheimer's
• Researchers show how a targeted drug overcomes suppressive immune cells
• Regular intake of sugary beverages, but not diet soda, is associated with prediabetes
• New therapeutic vaccine approach holds promise for HIV remission
• Understanding the notorious infectivity of Francisella tularensis

Your birth year predicts your odds if flu pandemic were to strike Posted: 10 Nov 2016 12:20 PM PST We are not blank slates with regard to how susceptible we are to emerging strains of flu virus, researchers have discovered. These findings could provide relevant information for the development of a universal flu vaccine.

Two paths at once: Watching the buildup of quantum superpositions Posted: 10 Nov 2016 12:11 PM PST Scientists have observed how quantum superpositions build up in a helium atom within femtoseconds. Just like in the famous double-slit experiment, there are two ways to reach the final outcome.

Pain is not just a matter of nerves Posted: 10 Nov 2016 11:57 AM PST The sensation of pain occurs when neural pathways conduct excitation generated by tissue damage to the spinal cord, where the nociceptive information is extensively pre-processed. From there, the information is transmitted to the human brain, where the sensation of "pain" is finally created. This is the general belief. However, researchers have now discovered that pain is not just a matter of nerves but that non-neuronal cells, the glial cells, are also involved in clinically relevant pain models and their activation is sufficient to amplify pain.

Australian continent shifts with the seasons, study finds Posted: 10 Nov 2016 11:42 AM PST Australia shifts and tilts back and forth by several millimeters each year because of changes to Earth's center of mass, according to a new study. The findings could help scientists better track the precise location of Earth's center of mass, which is important for GPS and other satellite measurements, according to the study's author.

Water, water: The two types of liquid water Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:59 AM PST There are two types of liquid water, according to research carried out by an international scientific collaboration. This new peculiarity adds to the growing list of strange phenomena in what we imagine is a simple substance. The discovery could have implications for making and using nanoparticles as well as in understanding how proteins fold into their working shape in the body or misfold to cause diseases.

A funnel on Mars could be a place to look for life Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:54 AM PST A strangely shaped depression on Mars could be a new place to look for signs of life on the Red Planet, according to a new study. The depression was probably formed by a volcano beneath a glacier and could have been a warm, chemical-rich environment well suited for microbial life.

DNA-based Zika vaccine showed protection from infection, brain damage and death Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:52 AM PST A new vaccination has generated a robust and protective antigen-specific antibody and T cell immune responses in preclinical animal models, report scientists.

Molecular signature for aggressive brain tumor uncovered Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:51 AM PST A routine test can be used to identify which patients may require intensive clinical management and surveillance for aggressive brain tumors, new findings suggest.

Dinosaur discovery casts light on final flurry of animals' evolution Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:47 AM PST A dinosaur fossil that almost went undiscovered is giving scientists valuable clues about a family of creatures that flourished just before the mass extinction.

iPad game effective in treating lazy eye in children Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:46 AM PST A special type of iPad game was effective in treating children with amblyopia (lazy eye) and was more effective than the standard treatment of patching, according to a study.

Climate, human influence conspired in Lake Urmia's decline Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:45 AM PST A combination of climate change and water usage are responsible for the staggering drying of Lake Urmia, what was once the second largest salt lake in the world, report scientists.

First random laser made of paper-based ceramics Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:44 AM PST A new biotemplating process makes it possible to create lasers out of cellulose paper, report scientists. The team thereby showed how naturally occurring structures can be adapted for technical applications. Hence, materials no longer need to be artificially outfitted with disordered structures, utilizing naturally occurring ones instead.

Potential support for ban on microbeads in cosmetics Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:42 AM PST New research explored attitudes regarding the presence of microplastic particles within readily available cosmetics.

New behavioral variant in wild chimpanzees: Algae fishing in Bakoun, Guinea Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:40 AM PST Chimpanzees routinely fish for algae during the dry season in Bakoun, Guinea, using long and robust sticks as a tool, researchers have discovered.

Sensor for blood flow discovered in blood vessels Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:39 AM PST The PIEZO1 cation channel translates mechanical stimulus into a molecular response to control the diameter of blood vessels, report scientists.

Support from family, friends significantly reduces stress in wild chimpanzees Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:38 AM PST Support from family and friends significantly reduces stress in wild chimpanzees, both during conflicts with rival groups and during everyday affiliation, report scientists.

Genome of black blow fly mapped Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:38 AM PST Researchers have sequenced the genome of the black blow fly, an insect commonly found throughout the United States, southern Canada and parts of northern Europe. Black blow flies are active insects that perform three tasks that benefit humans: recycling carrion, debriding human wounds and laying eggs on freshly dead bodies. They have no harmful or parasitic behaviors.

Hunt for Huntington's cause yields clues Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:07 AM PST Scientists have uncovered new details about how a repeating nucleotide sequence in the gene for a mutant protein may trigger Huntington's and other neurological diseases.

Artificial-intelligence system surfs web to improve its performance Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:02 AM PST Of the vast wealth of information unlocked by the Internet, most is plain text. The data necessary to answer myriad questions -- about, say, the correlations between the industrial use of certain chemicals and incidents of disease, or between patterns of news coverage and voter-poll results -- may all be online. But extracting it from plain text and organizing it for quantitative analysis may be prohibitively time consuming.

Researchers use fruit flies to understand how body responds to harmful, cold stimuli Posted: 10 Nov 2016 09:00 AM PST The tiny fruit fly can help humans investigate the genetic and neural bases of detecting painful or harmful cold stimuli and offer intriguing, potential implications for human health, according to a new study.

Climate change already dramatically disrupting all elements of nature Posted: 10 Nov 2016 08:55 AM PST Global changes in temperature due to human-induced climate change have already impacted every aspect of life on Earth from genes to entire ecosystems, with increasingly unpredictable consequences for humans, according to a new study.

Brain scans could help predict response to psychotherapy for anxiety and depression Posted: 10 Nov 2016 08:53 AM PST Brain imaging scans may one day provide useful information on the response to psychotherapy in patients with depression or anxiety, according to a review of current research.

'Personalized medicine' as ideal in treatment of psychiatric disturbances Posted: 10 Nov 2016 08:52 AM PST An ever widening gap is appearing between clinical practice and the treatment prescribed in DSM-5, the standard work on schizophrenia, an expert outlines. Psychiatric disturbances are all too often diagnosed as schizophrenia. 'Personalized medicine' may offer the solution.

Why do seabirds eat plastic? Posted: 10 Nov 2016 06:22 AM PST If it smells like food, and looks like food, it must be food, right? Not in the case of ocean-faring birds that are sometimes found with bellies full of plastic. But very little research examines why birds make the mistake of eating plastic in the first place.

Thawing ice makes the Alps grow Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:58 AM PST The Alps are steadily "growing" by about one to two millimeters per year. Likewise, the formerly glaciated subcontinents of North America and Scandinavia are also undergoing constant upward movement. This is due to the fact that at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the glaciers melted and with this the former heavy pressure on the Earth's surface diminished. Now, an international team of researchers has been able to show that the loss of the LGM ice cap still accounts for 90 percent of today's uplifting of the Alps.

Hazardous chemicals discovered in flavored e-cigarette vapor Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:56 AM PST Building on more than 30 years of air quality research in some of the most polluted urban environments on Earth, a team of atmospheric scientists has turned their attention toward the growing e-cigarette industry and the unidentified effects of vaping on human health.

Sudoku strategy democratizes powerful tool for genetics research Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:55 AM PST Researchers have developed a way to produce the tools for figuring out gene function faster and cheaper than current methods.

Antibody supresses HIV in infected individuals Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:50 AM PST The antibody VRC01 proves safe for individuals infected with HIV-1, but only modestly controls the virus in participants who stop receiving antiretroviral therapy, report scientists.

Major artery more rigid in African-Americans, which may explain high rates of hypertension, heart disease Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:50 AM PST African-Americans have more rigidity of the aorta, the major artery supplying oxygen-rich blood to the body, than Caucasians and Hispanics, according to a study.

Scientists, interns bring structural biology's 'magic bullet' technique to x-ray lasers Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:50 AM PST To understand the three-dimensional shape of a protein, scientists often rely on information from similar molecules. But sometimes, the protein is so unique that it's not possible to find a close relative, they say.

Solar cells get boost with integration of water-splitting catalyst onto semiconductor Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:50 AM PST Scientists have found a way to engineer the atomic-scale chemical properties of a water-splitting catalyst for integration with a solar cell, and the result is a big boost to the stability and efficiency of artificial photosynthesis.

What does it take to make a memory? Study says new proteins Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:50 AM PST For the first time, scientists have identified a sub-region in the brain that works to form a particular kind of memory: fear-associated with a specific environmental cue or "contextual fear memory."

Cone or flask? The shape that detects confinement Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:46 AM PST In physics, confinement of particles is such an important phenomenon that the Clay Mathematics Institute has even pledged an award of a million dollars to anyone who can give a convincing and exhaustive scientific explanation from a mathematical point of view. A recent study adds a new chapter to what we know about confinement. Using a relatively simple method, it has been shown how to determine whether, in a system with ferromagnetic characteristics, the emerging "particles" are subject to confinement.

Researchers put single molecules in super-fridge Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:46 AM PST For the first time, a team of researchers has observed how a single two-atom-large molecule rotates in the coldest liquid known in nature. These findings could help to trigger new applications of drugs for diagnostics and develop new materials.

Are family relationships at the root of financial risk-taking? Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:41 AM PST What makes some young adults behave in ways that have the potential to harm themselves or those around them? Many studies have examined the complex psychology of financial risk-taking, but new research suggests that financial risk-taking in young adults, including going into debt or breaking the law, could be rooted in their childhood relationships with parents.

What will increase economic investment for carbon-neutral technologies? Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:40 AM PST Climate change is one of the most pressing concerns of the 21st century. But when it comes to tackling climate change, a new study exploring the benefits of carbon flux monitoring is a timely reminder that setting targets is just the beginning.

Peculiarities of huge equatorial jet stream in Saturn's atmosphere revealed Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:40 AM PST The atmosphere of the planet Saturn, a gas giant ten times bigger than the Earth consisting mostly of hydrogen, has a wider, more intense jet stream than all the planets in the Solar System. Winds gusting at speeds of up to 1,650 km/h blow from West to East in the equatorial atmosphere, thirteen times the strength of the most destructive hurricane force winds that form on the Earth's equator. This huge jet stream also extends about 70,000 km from north to south, more than five times the size of our planet.

Preservation of monuments: Pinpointed repair reduces costs Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:40 AM PST The Waldbahn railway line near Welzheim is one of the most beautiful railway lines in South Germany and listed as a monument. Its viaducts, however, require restoration. The 100-year-old Laufenmühle viaduct, for instance, exhibits major damage, such as cracks in the reinforced concrete. If the viaduct was restored with standard state-of-the-art methods, the expenditure and costs would be enormous and the monument character would be endangered. New work has now succeeded in bringing together the right partners and in developing a customized approach to sustainable repair of the viaduct.

Student attachment and well-being are greater in classrooms with higher emotional intelligence Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:40 AM PST Researchers have shown that it is possible to predict the psychological well-being of adolescents by combining group and individual variables.

HIV test performed on USB stick Posted: 10 Nov 2016 05:40 AM PST A new device uses a drop of blood to detect HIV, and then creates an electrical signal that can be read by a computer, laptop or handheld device.

The golden drool: Study finds treasure trove of info in saliva of foraging bears Posted: 09 Nov 2016 03:28 PM PST The rivers and streams of Alaska are littered in the summer and fall with carcasses of tens of thousands of salmon that not only provide a smorgasbord for hungry brown bears but are also the newest database in the arsenal of wildlife biologists.

Accelerating cancer research with deep learning Posted: 09 Nov 2016 03:28 PM PST Despite steady progress in detection and treatment in recent decades, cancer remains the second leading cause of death in the United States, cutting short the lives of approximately 500,000 people each year. A research team has focused on creating software that can quickly identify valuable information in cancer reports, an ability that would not only save time and worker hours but also potentially reveal overlooked avenues in cancer research.

Game theory shows how tragedies of the commons might be averted Posted: 09 Nov 2016 03:26 PM PST Lake Lanier in Georgia is the primary water reservoir serving suburban and metropolitan Atlanta. When the lake's water level drops below a certain point, calls go out for water conservation and news reports show images of the red mud shoreline. In some affected counties, water restrictions are imposed. The combination of usage restrictions and changes in precipitation eventually averts the crisis. But, when the crisis ends, water usage rebounds -- until the next shortage.

New promise for immunotherapy as HIV treatment Posted: 09 Nov 2016 03:16 PM PST Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment options in oncology, neurology, and many infectious diseases and now there is fresh hope that the same method could be used to treat or even functionally cure HIV, according to new research.

Power outage in the brain may be source of Alzheimer's Posted: 09 Nov 2016 02:51 PM PST In a new study, researchers investigate the role of mitochondria in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Mitochondria act as energy centers for cells and are of central importance in health and disease. The study builds on earlier work suggesting gene mutations affecting mitochondrial function may be critical in the development of the disease.

Researchers show how a targeted drug overcomes suppressive immune cells Posted: 09 Nov 2016 11:07 AM PST An experimental drug currently in clinical trials can reverse the effects of troublesome cells that prevent the body's immune system from attacking tumors, research shows.

Regular intake of sugary beverages, but not diet soda, is associated with prediabetes Posted: 09 Nov 2016 11:07 AM PST Regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, but not diet soda, is associated with increased risk of prediabetes and increased insulin resistance, an epidemiological analysis of data from 1,685 adult Americans finds.

New therapeutic vaccine approach holds promise for HIV remission Posted: 09 Nov 2016 10:37 AM PST A new study has demonstrated that combining an experimental vaccine with an innate immune stimulant may help lead to viral remission in people living with HIV. In animal trials, the combination decreased levels of viral DNA in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, and improved viral suppression and delayed viral rebound following discontinuation of anti-retroviral therapy (ART).

Understanding the notorious infectivity of Francisella tularensis Posted: 09 Nov 2016 10:34 AM PST Scientists are gaining an insider's look behind the notorious infectivity of Francisella tularensis. Also called rabbit fever, the disease doesn't seem to spread from person to person. Instead, people contract it from contact with infected animals, from the bite of ticks or deerfly, or from contaminated water or soil. Untreated, tularemia can be lethal; however, it generally responds to antibiotics.

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