ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Alzheimer's progression tracked prior to dementia
• Men with type 1 diabetes are better at blood sugar control than women
• New recommendations for treating obstructive sleep apnea
• Ethnic disparities exist in ER pain management for children with abdominal pain
• Woman finds relief from pelvic pain after nearly two decades
• Reassurance for mothers who have influenza vaccine while pregnant
• Pedestrians, cyclists need consistency at rail crossings
• Extended daily eye patching effective at treating stubborn amblyopia in children
• No association between frequency of marijuana use and health or healthcare utilization
• Protecting specific area of the brain during radiation therapy substantially reduces memory loss
• Pesticide regulation in California is flawed
• Researchers discover a new way that influenza can infect cells
• Data from across globe defines distinct Kawasaki disease season
• Human brain tumor cells erased in mice
• Preoperative blood typing may not be needed for some pediatric surgeries
• Retail investment: A barometer for teen obesity?
• Booster dose of new meningitis vaccine may be beneficial
• Identifying trauma risk in small children early after an accident
• Long-term hormonal therapy in prostate cancer patients does not improve overall survival
• First direct measurement of spinal cord myelin in multiple sclerosis
• Are patients making cost-effective treatment decisions?
• Putting the spring back in broken hearts
• It takes a(n academic) village to determine an enzyme's function
• How 'bad' cholesterol causes atherosclerosis in humans: Stem cells play a key role
• Explaination for increased asthma severity in children exposed to diesel exhaust from traffic
• Rising rates of severe and fatal sepsis during labor and delivery
• Preventing malaria in travelers to West Africa reduces health costs
• Public says childhood cancer should be top children's health research priority
• Research uncovers gene's contribution to asthma susceptibility
• Smartphones, tablets could provide universal access to medical monitoring
• How bacteria integrate autotransporters into their outer membrane
• Walnuts in diet can improve endothelial functions for overweight adults
• Sleep education helps families of children with autism
• Patient heal thyself: Solution to treatment for chronic infections could lie in patient's blood
• Smile! New nanotube surface promises dental implants that heal faster and fight infection
• Immune system fights infection with performance enhancement
• Hunger pains
• Clinical trial strives to provide optimal care during high-risk pregnancies
• Breastfeeding fraught with early challenges for many first-time mothers
• Functional disability high among newly diagnosed older breast cancer patients
• A snack helps reduce cardiovascular risk in obese children
• Most painful days of your life - school desks and chronic back pain
• Mesothelioma: Two groundbreaking trials into treatments for asbestos-related cancer
• Addiction: Can you ever really completely leave it behind?
• Landmark study provides key to improved survival in peritoneal dialysis patients
• Protein group affecting lipid dynamics at cell membranes discovered
• Some parts of memory still developing deep into childhood
• Encouraging outcomes for pediatric brain tumor patients treated with proton therapy
• Cancer patients under 50 with few brain metastases have improved overall survival after stereotactic radiosurgery
• Trends in diet and Alzheimer's Disease in Japan and developing countries
• Chronic aggressive behaviour in boys: Epigenetic sources?
• Simple, two-question survey accurately screens cancer patients for depression
• Brain cannot be fooled by artificial sweeteners; higher likelihood of sugar consumption later
• Targeting memory t-cells in type 1 diabetes

Alzheimer's progression tracked prior to dementia Posted: 23 Sep 2013 05:03 PM PDT Important progress has been made on the challenge of identifying and tracking preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Scientists show that markers for preclinical disease can help predict the start of dementia.

Men with type 1 diabetes are better at blood sugar control than women Posted: 23 Sep 2013 05:03 PM PDT Men with type 1 diabetes appear to be better at blood sugar control than women, but there is no significant difference in blood sugar control between boys and girls.

New recommendations for treating obstructive sleep apnea Posted: 23 Sep 2013 05:03 PM PDT People diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea should lose weight and use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as initial therapy, according to new recommendations from the American College of Physicians.

Ethnic disparities exist in ER pain management for children with abdominal pain Posted: 23 Sep 2013 05:01 PM PDT Pediatric researchers have found race- and ethnicity-based disparities in pain management and length of stay among children who came to hospital emergency departments for treatment of abdominal pain.

Woman finds relief from pelvic pain after nearly two decades Posted: 23 Sep 2013 05:01 PM PDT Anne Mosley developed intense pelvic pain while she was pregnant with her youngest child 17 years ago. The pain was caused by a grape-sized pocket of fluid on her urethra, which became infected.

Reassurance for mothers who have influenza vaccine while pregnant Posted: 23 Sep 2013 02:59 PM PDT Researchers have found evidence of the H1N1 influenza vaccine's safety during pregnancy. .

Pedestrians, cyclists need consistency at rail crossings Posted: 23 Sep 2013 12:53 PM PDT The risk of pedestrian and bicycle accidents at railroad grade crossings would decrease with sustained enforcement and education by local governments, along with consistency in design standards for warning devices.

Extended daily eye patching effective at treating stubborn amblyopia in children Posted: 23 Sep 2013 12:53 PM PDT A recent report by the Pediatric Eye Disease Investigators Group (PEDIG) provides evidence that increasing patching from two to six hours a day is effective at treating persistent amblyopia. The research was funded by the National Eye Institute, a part of the National Institutes of Health.

No association between frequency of marijuana use and health or healthcare utilization Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:36 AM PDT Researchers have found frequency of marijuana use was not significantly associated with health services utilization or health status.

Protecting specific area of the brain during radiation therapy substantially reduces memory loss Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:36 AM PDT Protecting the stem cells that reside in and around the hippocampus -- a C-shaped area in the temporal lobe on both sides of the brain associated with the ability to form and store memories -- substantially reduces the rate of cancer patients' memory loss during whole-brain radiotherapy without a significant risk of recurrence in that area of the brain, a new study shows.

Pesticide regulation in California is flawed Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:36 AM PDT In at least one case, the California system for approving a pesticide for use on crops failed by approving a chemical called methyl iodide for use on strawberries. Methyl iodide is a neurotoxicant and is carcinogenic. It is also a developmental toxicant, impairing fetal development and causing fetal death, at low doses.

Researchers discover a new way that influenza can infect cells Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:35 AM PDT Scientists have uncovered a new mechanism by which influenza can infect cells – a finding that ultimately may have implications for immunity against the flu.

Data from across globe defines distinct Kawasaki disease season Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:35 AM PDT After more than four decades of research, strong evidence now shows that Kawasaki disease has a distinct seasonal occurrence shared by regions across the Northern hemisphere.

Human brain tumor cells erased in mice Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:35 AM PDT Working with mice, researchers have discovered that weeks of treatment with a repurposed FDA-approved drug halted the growth of -- and ultimately left no detectable trace of -- brain tumor cells taken from adult human patients.

Preoperative blood typing may not be needed for some pediatric surgeries Posted: 23 Sep 2013 11:35 AM PDT Certain pediatric surgeries carry such low risk of serious blood loss that clinicians can safely forgo expensive blood typing and blood stocking before such procedures, suggest the results of a small study.

Retail investment: A barometer for teen obesity? Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:40 AM PDT When it comes to addressing the obesity epidemic, fast food restaurants are a favorite target with some communities going so far as to ban the construction of new, stand-alone fast food restaurants. But according to a recent study, communities contemplating such bans may want to look beyond the number of fast food outlets to the greater retail environment of each neighborhood.

Booster dose of new meningitis vaccine may be beneficial Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:40 AM PDT A study of 4CMenB, a new vaccine to protect against meningitis B bacteria (which can cause potentially fatal bacterial meningitis in children), shows that waning immunity induced by infant vaccination can be overcome by a booster dose at 40 months of age.

Identifying trauma risk in small children early after an accident Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:39 AM PDT Small children also suffer from post-traumatic stress disorders after a serious accident. With the aid of a new test, children with an increased risk can already be identified in the space of a few days. The test helps to treat traumatized small children at an early stage.

Long-term hormonal therapy in prostate cancer patients does not improve overall survival Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:38 AM PDT A secondary analysis of the historic RTOG 9202 prostate cancer trial examined results of men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer who had received long-term hormonal therapy after radiation therapy, and concluded that there were no additional benefits when compared to short-term hormonal therapy.

First direct measurement of spinal cord myelin in multiple sclerosis Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:38 AM PDT Scientists have developed a novel molecular probe detectable by PET imaging. The new molecular marker, MeDAS, offers the first non-invasive visualization of myelin integrity of the entire spinal cord at the same time.

Are patients making cost-effective treatment decisions? Posted: 23 Sep 2013 09:38 AM PDT A new commentary says that involving patients in decisions about their medical treatment will not likely lead to cost savings or less overtreatment.

Putting the spring back in broken hearts Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:42 AM PDT For years, scientists have been trying to engineer cardiac tissue to patch up areas of the heart damaged by heart attacks. Now Tel Aviv University researchers have fabricated fibers shaped like springs that allow engineered cardiac tissue to pump more like the real thing. They say that, once tested in clinical trials, the use of these fibers will improve and prolong the lives of millions of people.

It takes a(n academic) village to determine an enzyme's function Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:41 AM PDT Scientists have sequenced the genomes of nearly 6,900 organisms, but they know the functions of only about half of the protein-coding genes thus far discovered. Now a multidisciplinary effort involving 15 scientists from three institutions has begun chipping away at this mystery -- in a big way. Their work to identify the function of one bacterial protein and the biochemical pathway in which it operates will also help identify the functions of hundreds of other proteins.

How 'bad' cholesterol causes atherosclerosis in humans: Stem cells play a key role Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:41 AM PDT Translational researchers are developing a richer understanding of atherosclerosis in humans, revealing a key role for stem cells that promote inflammation.

Explaination for increased asthma severity in children exposed to diesel exhaust from traffic Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:41 AM PDT A new study shows that exposure to diesel exhaust particles from traffic pollution leads to increased asthma severity in children. Moreover, the study finds that this is due to increased blood levels of IL-17A, a protein associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, in children with high diesel exposure.

Rising rates of severe and fatal sepsis during labor and delivery Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:41 AM PDT Rates of severe sepsis and deaths from sepsis among US women hospitalized for delivery have risen sharply over the last decade.

Preventing malaria in travelers to West Africa reduces health costs Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:41 AM PDT Not only do US travelers to West Africa who consult health providers before they leave and take prescribed preventive medications substantially reduce their risk of contracting malaria, they also reduce costs to their health insurance providers and, in most cases, to themselves.

Public says childhood cancer should be top children's health research priority Posted: 23 Sep 2013 08:40 AM PDT Adults across the U.S. rate childhood cancer as their top priority for research into improving children's health, according to a new poll.

Research uncovers gene's contribution to asthma susceptibility Posted: 23 Sep 2013 07:20 AM PDT New research has uncovered the role gene ORMDL3 plays in the disease asthma. ORMDL3, a gene recently linked to asthma susceptibility, has now been linked to the body's ability to recruit inflammatory cells during an airway allergic reaction.

Smartphones, tablets could provide universal access to medical monitoring Posted: 23 Sep 2013 07:20 AM PDT Do you have a smartphone in your pocket or purse? If so, you may be carrying the future of mobile medical monitoring technology, according to a new report.

How bacteria integrate autotransporters into their outer membrane Posted: 23 Sep 2013 07:20 AM PDT The bacterial outer envelope is densely packed with proteins that form small pores and facilitate the passage of nutrients, toxins and signaling molecules. Researchers now demonstrate how these transporter proteins are integrated into the outer membrane.

Walnuts in diet can improve endothelial functions for overweight adults Posted: 23 Sep 2013 07:19 AM PDT Medical researchers have found evidence suggestive that adding walnuts to one's diet can protect against diabetes and heart disease in at-risk individuals.

Sleep education helps families of children with autism Posted: 23 Sep 2013 07:15 AM PDT Parent sleep education is beneficial in improving sleep and aspects of daytime behavior and family functioning in children with autism spectrum disorders..

Patient heal thyself: Solution to treatment for chronic infections could lie in patient's blood Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:31 AM PDT A recent discovery provides hope for a new personalized treatment strategy that could use a patient's own blood to treat infection. This could help treat millions of people living with chronic infections such as HIV, Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C.

Smile! New nanotube surface promises dental implants that heal faster and fight infection Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:31 AM PDT A surface of TiO2 nanotubes could reduce the failure rate for dental implants, both by encouraging bone growth around the implant and by serving as a drug-delivery system for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory substances.

Immune system fights infection with performance enhancement Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:30 AM PDT Researchers have found that even our immune system is subject to performance enhancement, with our bodies giving immune cells the boost they need to ensure the best team is selected to fight infections.

Hunger pains Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:30 AM PDT Binge-eating disorder, only recently designated as a diagnosis by the American Psychiatric Association in its official diagnostic manual of mental conditions, is associated with lifelong impairments comparable to those of bulimia nervosa, a long-established eating disorder with more dramatic symptoms.

Clinical trial strives to provide optimal care during high-risk pregnancies Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:30 AM PDT Researchers are conducting a clinical trial to help determine the best timing of delivery in preterm pregnancies complicated by poor fetal growth. Preliminary results from the trial demonstrate better than expected health outcomes in this high-risk group of fetuses.

Breastfeeding fraught with early challenges for many first-time mothers Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:30 AM PDT A new study shows that new moms who report early concerns or problems with breastfeeding are nearly 10 times more likely to abandon breastfeeding within two months.

Functional disability high among newly diagnosed older breast cancer patients Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:30 AM PDT Many older women with newly diagnosed breast cancer have difficulty accomplishing daily tasks, and African-Americans seem to be disproportionately affected. Those are the findings of a new study, whose results suggest that many breast cancer patients could benefit from receiving therapy to improve their physical function.

A snack helps reduce cardiovascular risk in obese children Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:29 AM PDT Researchers have designed and tested the effectiveness of a new apple snack impregnated with tangerine juice that reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in obese children and improves their physiological well-being. The snack stands out for its high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.

Most painful days of your life - school desks and chronic back pain Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:27 AM PDT Undersize school chairs, low desks and overweight backpacks are contributing to chronic back pain in adolescents, according to a study.

Mesothelioma: Two groundbreaking trials into treatments for asbestos-related cancer Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:27 AM PDT Two major trials are looking into treatments for a type of cancer which affects those exposed to asbestos.

Addiction: Can you ever really completely leave it behind? Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:27 AM PDT It is often said that once people develop an addiction, they can never completely eliminate their attraction to the abused substance. New findings provide further support for this notion by suggesting that even long-term abstinence from cocaine does not result in a complete normalization of brain circuitry.

Landmark study provides key to improved survival in peritoneal dialysis patients Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:26 AM PDT

Protein group affecting lipid dynamics at cell membranes discovered Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:26 AM PDT Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized by membranes, whose shape and dynamics are precisely regulated to maintain their correct functions. Consequently, many cellular processes such as endocytosis, migration and morphogenesis rely on proteins that bind directly to membranes and sculpt them into desired shapes.

Some parts of memory still developing deep into childhood Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:23 AM PDT A new study provides evidence that one important part of memory undergoes substantial development even after the age of seven.

Encouraging outcomes for pediatric brain tumor patients treated with proton therapy Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:22 AM PDT When used to treat pediatric patients with intracranial malignant tumors, proton therapy may limit the toxicity of radiation therapy while preserving tumor control.

Cancer patients under 50 with few brain metastases have improved overall survival after stereotactic radiosurgery Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:22 AM PDT When treated with stereotactic radiosurgery, which is not combined with whole brain radiotherapy, adult brain cancer patients who were 50 years old and younger were found to have improved survival, according to research.

Trends in diet and Alzheimer's Disease in Japan and developing countries Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:22 AM PDT The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease for those over the age of 65 years in Japan rose from 1% in 1985 to 7% in 2007. The increases lagged the change to a more Western diet high in animal products such as meat and milk, by 15-25 years.

Chronic aggressive behaviour in boys: Epigenetic sources? Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:20 AM PDT Chronic aggressive behaviour exhibited by some boys from disadvantaged families may be due to epigenetic changes during pregnancy and early childhood.

Simple, two-question survey accurately screens cancer patients for depression Posted: 23 Sep 2013 06:20 AM PDT Cancer patients can be accurately screened for major depression with a simple two-question survey, according to a new study.

Brain cannot be fooled by artificial sweeteners; higher likelihood of sugar consumption later Posted: 22 Sep 2013 05:59 PM PDT Eating low-calorie sweetened products – especially when hungry or exhausted – may lead to a higher likelihood of seeking high calorie alternatives later, due to a newly discovered signal in the brain, suggests new research.

Targeting memory t-cells in type 1 diabetes Posted: 22 Sep 2013 05:59 PM PDT Encouraging results from the T1DAL study (Targeting effector memory T cells with alefacept in new onset type 1 diabetes) are published today. The T1DAL trial was designed to test whether alefacept would preserve pancreatic beta cell function in newly diagnosed patients. Secondary endpoints including insulin use and rate of hypoglycemic events were lower at 12 months in the alefacept treated group.

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