ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Graphic pictures on cigarette packs would significantly reduce smoking death rate
• Hip fracture patients fare best during recovery in high-occupancy nursing homes with higher level physician staffing
• Children's health, privacy at risk from digital marketing
• Genes and age determine susceptibility to Lyme disease
• Genetic mutations that lead to macular degeneration blindness mapped by new research
• Identification of gene defects helps treatment of prostate cancer
• Genetic cause for shift work fatigue discovered
• 'Collateral vessel' gene discovered that protects against stroke damage
• Insulin resistance reversed by removal of protein
• A system for predicting scientific impact over time?
• Scientists find key protein for spinal cord repair
• Why bad genes aren't always bad news
• Tuberculosis bacteria find their ecological niche
• Gene regulation: Shaping up to make the cut
• Ebola adapted to better infect humans during 2013-2016 epidemic
• High hospital profits hurt medicine, expert argues
• Kids most likely to suffer sport-related eye injuries
• Link between early menopause, higher risk of fracture, new study confirms
• Engineers develop new magnetic ink to print self-healing devices that heal in record time

Graphic pictures on cigarette packs would significantly reduce smoking death rate Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:24 AM PDT Using prominent, graphic pictures on cigarette packs warning against smoking could avert more than 652,000 deaths, up to 92,000 low birth weight infants, up to 145,000 preterm births, and about 1,000 cases of sudden infant deaths in the U.S. over the next 50 years, say researchers.

Hip fracture patients fare best during recovery in high-occupancy nursing homes with higher level physician staffing Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:23 AM PDT Hip fractures are a common and disabling condition that occurs more than 300,000 times each year in the United States in those 65 and older—1.6 million times worldwide. A new study, which compared outcome variations in acute and post-acute care facilities, suggests that for older adults hospitalized with hip fracture, the quality of the post-acute care they receive has a greater impact on long-term recovery than the care they received at the hospital.

Children's health, privacy at risk from digital marketing Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:21 AM PDT For the first time, researchers and health experts have undertaken a comprehensive analysis of the concerning situation in the World Health Organisation European Region regarding digital marketing to children of foods high in fats, salt and sugars.

Genes and age determine susceptibility to Lyme disease Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:20 AM PDT People react very differently to an infection with the Borrelia bacterium that causes Lyme disease. Researchers have investigated this varying response, concluding that age, genetic disposition and previous Lyme infections play an important role. However, despite the large differences observed, the Borrelia bacterium has a clear effect on the immune system's energy regulation, opening up opportunities for research into better detection of Borrelia infections.

Genetic mutations that lead to macular degeneration blindness mapped by new research Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:20 AM PDT Two gene mutations that trigger a retinal disease that causes blindness in one in 5,000 males have been mapped, leading to the potential for new therapeutic treatments.

Identification of gene defects helps treatment of prostate cancer Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:19 AM PDT The current method of treating prostate cancer involves identifying gene defects, which could help with the diagnosis of cancer and the development of individualized cancer treatments for patients. Researchers are studying the molecular biology of prostate cancer; the goal is to obtain a holistic picture of the disease's mechanisms and use those mechanisms as a basis for developing new treatments.

Genetic cause for shift work fatigue discovered Posted: 04 Nov 2016 07:18 AM PDT Some people adapt easily to shift work, but not everyone can handle constant disruptions to their daily rhythm. Researchers have now found that a melatonin receptor gene influences tolerance to shift work.

'Collateral vessel' gene discovered that protects against stroke damage Posted: 03 Nov 2016 01:22 PM PDT During stroke or heart attack, tissue damage can be limited because "collateral" vessels connect the tissue to other arteries. Collateral vessels can vary greatly in size and number from one person to the next. Scientists have now implicated the Rabep2 gene as a major contributor to variation.

Insulin resistance reversed by removal of protein Posted: 03 Nov 2016 11:34 AM PDT By removing the protein galectin-3 (Gal3), a team of investigators was able to reverse diabetic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mouse models of obesity and diabetes.

A system for predicting scientific impact over time? Posted: 03 Nov 2016 11:24 AM PDT The impact a scientist will have in their lifetime is distributed randomly over the sequence of studies they publish, according to a new study. This phenomenon can be described by a simple model in which a scientist's impact is a function of factors including productivity and ability, the study shows.

Scientists find key protein for spinal cord repair Posted: 03 Nov 2016 11:23 AM PDT A freshwater zebrafish costs less than two bucks at the pet store, but it can do something priceless: Its spinal cord can heal completely after being severed, a paralyzing and often fatal injury for humans. While watching these fish repair their own spinal cord injuries, scientists have found a particular protein important for the process.

Why bad genes aren't always bad news Posted: 03 Nov 2016 11:22 AM PDT A new study paves the way for understanding how some people stay healthy despite having disease-causing mutations.

Tuberculosis bacteria find their ecological niche Posted: 03 Nov 2016 11:14 AM PDT An international team of researchers has isolated and analyzed genetically tuberculosis bacteria from several thousand patients from over a hundred countries. This analysis demonstrates that the tuberculosis bacteria vary in their ecological niche. Whereas the so-called generalists occur all around the world, the specialists are only found in certain geographical regions.

Gene regulation: Shaping up to make the cut Posted: 03 Nov 2016 10:19 AM PDT Before RNA copies of genes can program the synthesis of proteins, the non-coding regions are removed by the spliceosome. Researchers report that distinct conformations of a member of this molecular complex play a vital role in the process.

Ebola adapted to better infect humans during 2013-2016 epidemic Posted: 03 Nov 2016 10:04 AM PDT Researchers have identified mutations in Ebola virus that emerged during the 2013-2016 Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa that increased the ability of the virus to infect human cells.

High hospital profits hurt medicine, expert argues Posted: 03 Nov 2016 09:39 AM PDT Is the medical profession losing the race to attract the best and the brightest? In a series of insightful commentaries, a retired cardiologist explains how high hospital profits are hurting the practice of medicine.

Kids most likely to suffer sport-related eye injuries Posted: 03 Nov 2016 08:54 AM PDT Roughly 30,000 sports-related eye injuries serious enough to end in a visit to the emergency room occur each year in the United States, and the majority happen to those under the age of 18, new research suggests.

Link between early menopause, higher risk of fracture, new study confirms Posted: 02 Nov 2016 12:52 PM PDT Fracture risk for those with early menopause is not minimized by use of calcium, vitamin D, or standard dose hormone therapy, data pulled from clinical trials shows.

Engineers develop new magnetic ink to print self-healing devices that heal in record time Posted: 02 Nov 2016 11:35 AM PDT A magnetic ink has been developed that can be used to make self-healing batteries, electrochemical sensors and wearable, textile-based electrical circuits.

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