ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• High sugar intake linked to low dopamine release in insulin resistant patients
• Early data from first human study suggests radiation-antibody combination is safe
• Men with prostate cancer should eat healthy vegetable fats, study suggests
• Alzheimer's and low blood sugar in diabetes may trigger a vicious cycle
• Genetic research clarifies link between hypertension and Vitamin D deficiency
• From hot springs to HIV, same protein complexes are hijacked to promote viruses
• A path to lower-risk painkillers: Newly-discovered drug target paves way for alternatives to morphine
• Low diastolic blood pressure may be associated with brain atrophy
• Association between hypoglycemia, dementia in older adults with diabetes
• Intervention to reduce lifelong effects associated with childhood neglect and emotional abuse
• Study examines cancer risk from pediatric radiation exposure from CT scans
• Shape of nanoparticles points the way toward more targeted drugs
• Pregnant women with severe morning sickness who take antihistamines are significantly more likely to experience adverse outcomes
• Brain circuits link obsessive-compulsive behavior and obesity
• Reduced brain volume in kids with low birth-weight tied to academic struggles
• Epigenetic factor likely plays a key role in fueling most common childhood cancer
• Potential new target to thwart antibiotic resistance: Viruses in gut confer antibiotic resistance to bacteria
• Early exposure to bisphenol A might damage the enamel of teeth
• A rather complex complex: Brain scans reveal internal conflict during Jung's word association test
• Pendulum swings back on 350-year-old mathematical mystery
• The diabetes 'breathalyzer'
• Master regulator in cancer metastasis discovered
• The body electric: Researchers move closer to low-cost, implantable electronics, study suggests
• Cardiac MRI use reduces adverse events for patients with acute chest pain
• Transplant patient outcomes after trauma better than expected
• Lifespan-extending drug given late in life reverses age-related heart disease in mice: Rapamycin
• Frequent binge drinking is associated with insomnia symptoms in older adults
• Treatment of mental illness lowers arrest rates, saves money
• Mice give new clues to origins of obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Discovery may lead to new treatments for jaundice
• Do antidepressants impair the ability to extinguish fear?
• Suicide risk factors described
• Substances from African medicinal plants could help stop tumor growth
• Ötzi the Iceman's dark secrets: Protein investigation supports brain injury theory
• Women can be screened years later than men with 'virtual colonoscopy'
• Designated drivers don't always abstain: One in three are impaired, study suggests
• Neurostimulation lowers need for opioids in chronic pain

High sugar intake linked to low dopamine release in insulin resistant patients Posted: 10 Jun 2013 07:37 PM PDT A PET study indicates that overeating and weight gain contributing to onset of diabetes could be related to a deficit in reward circuits in the brain.

Early data from first human study suggests radiation-antibody combination is safe Posted: 10 Jun 2013 07:37 PM PDT An experimental treatment that combines a cell-killing radioactive particle with an antibody that homes in on cancer cells is safe in the treatment of cancers spreading through patients' abdomens, new research suggests.

Men with prostate cancer should eat healthy vegetable fats, study suggests Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:29 PM PDT Men with prostate cancer may significantly improve their survival chances with a simple change in their diet, a new study has found.

Alzheimer's and low blood sugar in diabetes may trigger a vicious cycle Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:28 PM PDT Diabetes-associated episodes of low blood sugar may increase the risk of developing dementia, while having dementia or even milder forms of cognitive impairment may increase the risk of experiencing low blood sugar, according to a new study.

Genetic research clarifies link between hypertension and Vitamin D deficiency Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:26 PM PDT A large-scale genetic study involving over 155,000 individuals has enabled researchers to discover the causal link between hypertension and vitamin D deficiency. The results provide a strong case for food fortification with vitamin D in order to prevent some kinds of cardiovascular disease, they say.

From hot springs to HIV, same protein complexes are hijacked to promote viruses Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:26 PM PDT Biologists have discovered a striking connection between viruses such as HIV and Ebola and viruses that infect organisms called archaea that grow in volcanic hot springs. Despite the huge difference in environments and a 2 billion year evolutionary time span between archaea and humans, the viruses hijack the same set of proteins to break out of infected cells.

A path to lower-risk painkillers: Newly-discovered drug target paves way for alternatives to morphine Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:25 PM PDT New findings provide vital step towards exploring pain medications that may lower risks of prescription drug abuse and side effects of painkillers.

Low diastolic blood pressure may be associated with brain atrophy Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:25 PM PDT Low baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) appears to be associated with brain atrophy in patients with arterial disease, whenever declining levels of blood pressure (BP) over time among patients who had a higher baseline BP were associated with less progression of atrophy, according to a new report.

Association between hypoglycemia, dementia in older adults with diabetes Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:25 PM PDT A study of older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) suggests a bidirectional association between hypoglycemic (low blood glucose) events and dementia.

Intervention to reduce lifelong effects associated with childhood neglect and emotional abuse Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:25 PM PDT Preschool children who have been neglected or emotionally abused exhibit a range of emotional and behavioral difficulties and adverse mother-child interactions that indicate these children require prompt evaluation and interventions, according to a systematic review.

Study examines cancer risk from pediatric radiation exposure from CT scans Posted: 10 Jun 2013 04:25 PM PDT According to a study of seven U.S. healthcare systems, the use of computed tomography (CT) scans of the head, abdomen/pelvis, chest or spine, in children younger than age 14 more than doubled from 1996 to 2005, and this associated radiation is projected to potentially increase the risk of radiation-induced cancer in these children in the future.

Shape of nanoparticles points the way toward more targeted drugs Posted: 10 Jun 2013 12:21 PM PDT The shape of nanoparticles can enhance drug targeting, according to new research. The study found that rod-shaped nanoparticles -- or nanorods -- as opposed to spherical nanoparticles, appear to adhere more effectively to the surface of endothelial cells that line the inside of blood vessels.

Pregnant women with severe morning sickness who take antihistamines are significantly more likely to experience adverse outcomes Posted: 10 Jun 2013 12:20 PM PDT Women with a severe form of morning sickness who take antihistamines to help them sleep through their debilitating nausea are significantly more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, including low birth weight babies and premature births.

Brain circuits link obsessive-compulsive behavior and obesity Posted: 10 Jun 2013 12:20 PM PDT A new study suggests that the brain circuits that control obsessive-compulsive behavior are intertwined with circuits that control food intake and body weight.

Reduced brain volume in kids with low birth-weight tied to academic struggles Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:35 AM PDT An analysis of recent data from magnetic resonance imaging of 97 adolescents who were part of study begun with very low birth weight babies born in 1982-1986 in a Cleveland neonatal intensive care unit has tied smaller brain volumes to poor academic achievement.

Epigenetic factor likely plays a key role in fueling most common childhood cancer Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:35 AM PDT Changes in an epigenetic mechanism that turns expression of genes on and off may be as important as genetic alterations in causing pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia, according to a new study.

Potential new target to thwart antibiotic resistance: Viruses in gut confer antibiotic resistance to bacteria Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:35 AM PDT Bacteria in the gut that are under attack by antibiotics have allies no one had anticipated, scientists have found. Gut viruses that usually commandeer the bacteria, it turns out, enable them to survive the antibiotic onslaught, most likely by handing them genes that help them withstand the drug.

Early exposure to bisphenol A might damage the enamel of teeth Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:32 AM PDT Are teeth the latest victims of bisphenol A? Yes, according to the conclusions of new work. Researchers have shown that the teeth of rats treated with low daily doses of BPA could be damaged by this.

A rather complex complex: Brain scans reveal internal conflict during Jung's word association test Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:31 AM PDT Over 100 years ago psychologist Carl Gustav Jung penned his theory of 'complexes' where he explained how unconscious psychological issues can be triggered by people, events, or Jung believed, through word association tests.

Pendulum swings back on 350-year-old mathematical mystery Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:31 AM PDT A 350-year-old mathematical mystery could lead toward a better understanding of medical conditions like epilepsy or even the behavior of predator-prey systems in the wild, researchers report.

The diabetes 'breathalyzer' Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:31 AM PDT Chemists have demonstrated a sensor technology that could significantly simplify the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes through breath analysis alone.

Master regulator in cancer metastasis discovered Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:31 AM PDT In the process of metastasis, the movement of cancer cells to different parts of the body, a specific master regulator gene plays a central role: a transcription factor named Sox4 activates a sequence of genes and triggers the formidable process. Inhibition of Sox4 and subsequent processes may prevent metastasis in cancer patients.

The body electric: Researchers move closer to low-cost, implantable electronics, study suggests Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:29 AM PDT New technology is paving the way for low-cost electronic devices that work in direct contact with living tissue inside the body. The first planned use of the technology is a sensor that will detect the very early stages of organ transplant rejection.

Cardiac MRI use reduces adverse events for patients with acute chest pain Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:29 AM PDT Doctors have found that using stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in an Emergency Department observation unit to care for patients with acute chest pain is a win-win – for the patient and the institution.

Transplant patient outcomes after trauma better than expected Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:28 AM PDT In the largest study of its kind, researchers find that traumatic injury outcomes in patients with organ transplants are not worse than for non-transplanted patients, despite common presumptions among physicians. Additionally, transplanted organs are rarely injured in traumatic events.

Lifespan-extending drug given late in life reverses age-related heart disease in mice: Rapamycin Posted: 10 Jun 2013 10:28 AM PDT Mice suffering from age-related heart disease saw a significant improvement in cardiac function after treatment with the FDA-approved drug rapamycin for just three months. New research shows how rapamycin impacts mammalian tissues, providing functional insights and possible benefits for a drug that can extend lifespan in mice as much as 14 percent. Researchers are now recruiting seniors with cardiac artery disease for a clinical trial involving the drug.

Frequent binge drinking is associated with insomnia symptoms in older adults Posted: 10 Jun 2013 08:30 AM PDT A new study suggests that frequent binge drinking is associated with insomnia symptoms in older adults.

Treatment of mental illness lowers arrest rates, saves money Posted: 10 Jun 2013 08:27 AM PDT Research shows that outpatient treatment of mental illness significantly reduces arrest rates for people with mental health problems and saves taxpayers money.

Mice give new clues to origins of obsessive-compulsive disorder Posted: 10 Jun 2013 06:51 AM PDT Researchers have identified what they think may be a mechanism underlying the development of compulsive behaviors. The finding suggests possible approaches to treating or preventing certain characteristics of OCD.

Discovery may lead to new treatments for jaundice Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:43 AM PDT Helping to protect newborns and older patients against more severe effects of jaundice is the hope of researchers who have shown how a liver enzyme protects cells from damage caused by the condition. Their discovery might ultimately lead to an alternative treatment for jaundice, such as a new drug or supplement.

Do antidepressants impair the ability to extinguish fear? Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:41 AM PDT Common antidepressant medications may impair a form of learning that is important clinically. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, commonly called SSRIs, are a class of antidepressant widely used to treat depression, as well as a range of anxiety disorders, but the effects of these drugs on learning and memory are poorly understood.

Suicide risk factors described Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:41 AM PDT The rate of suicide among men is almost three times that of women, according to new research. Being young, single and having a low level of education were stronger risk factors for suicide among men, while mental illness was a stronger risk factor among women. Unemployment was the strongest social risk factor among women, whereas being single was the strongest among men.

Substances from African medicinal plants could help stop tumor growth Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:41 AM PDT African medicinal plants contain chemicals that may be able to stop the spread of cancer cells. The plant materials will now undergo further analysis in order to evaluate their therapeutic potential.

Ötzi the Iceman's dark secrets: Protein investigation supports brain injury theory Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:41 AM PDT After decoding the Iceman's genetic make-up, a research team has now made another major breakthrough in mummy research: Using just a pinhead-sized sample of brain tissue from the world-famous glacier corpse, the team was able to extract and analyze proteins to further support the theory that Ötzi suffered some form of brain damage in the final moments of his life.

Women can be screened years later than men with 'virtual colonoscopy' Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:41 AM PDT A new study has found that women can be screened for colorectal cancer at least five to 10 years later than men when undergoing an initial "virtual colonoscopy." The findings may help establish guidelines for the use of this screening technique, which is less invasive than a traditional colonoscopy.

Designated drivers don't always abstain: One in three are impaired, study suggests Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:40 AM PDT Maybe better call that cab, after all: A new study found that 35 percent of designated drivers had quaffed alcohol and most had blood-alcohol levels high enough to impair their driving.

Neurostimulation lowers need for opioids in chronic pain Posted: 10 Jun 2013 05:40 AM PDT Scientists have created the first consensus guidelines for the use of neurostimulation, an established and growing therapy for chronic pain and other conditions.

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