ScienceDaily: Health & Medicine News

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• Children who avoid scary situations likelier to have anxiety
• Epigenetics mechanism may help explain effects of mom's nutrition on her children's health
• Drug shows potential to delay onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease
• Largely dismissed heart failure drug may help solve costly problem for medicare and hospitals
• Sleep loss precedes Alzheimer's symptoms
• New add-on drug may improve memory in people with moderate Alzheimer's disease
• Long-suspected cause of blindness from eye disease disproved
• Sleep discovery could lead to therapies that improve memory
• Fluoride in drinking water cuts tooth decay in adults, study shows
• Older adults benefit from home-based DVD exercise program
• Protein abundant in cancerous cells causes DNA 'supercoiling'
• Alternative cholesterol-lowering drug for patients who can't tolerate statins
• Less sleep leads to more eating and more weight gain, according to new study
• Designing interlocking building blocks to create complex tissues
• Discovery may explain how prion diseases spread between different types of animals
• Niacin therapy shows no benefits, has some harmful effects
• Shock teams and ECMO save lives in massive STEMI
• New anti-clotting drug more effective than current treatment, study suggests
• Fewer adverse events with 'double kissing' crush stent than culotte
• New biolimus stent equal to everolimus stent at one year
• Encouraging early results for redesigned Sapien valve
• Drug protects against kidney injury from imaging dye in ACS patients
• Antibiotics are unique assassins
• Nerve damage may underlie widespread, unexplained chronic pain in children
• Novel 'ultra-deep de novo' assembly solution for heterozygous genomes
• Coffee and tea during pregnancy affect fetal growth
• Common multiple sclerosis drugs taken together do not reduce relapse risk
• Grandad's hip fracture a risk factor for Osteoporosis
• Anemia drug does not improve health of anemic heart failure patients, study shows
• Mummy CT scans show preindustrial hunter gatherers had clogged arteries
• Aspirin may lower melanoma risk
• Therapies for ALL and AML targeting MER receptor hold promise of more effect with less side-effect
• Study points to essential role of IL-22 in lung repair after the flu
• Robots to get stroke patients back on their feet
• Extreme work clothes for the Artic
• Why people put themselves under the knife: Plastic surgery makes people happy
• Combination therapy of CPAP and weight loss for obstructive sleep apnea is effective for lowering blood pressure in obese patients
• Trio of biomarkers may help identify kidney cancer in early stages
• C. Diff prevention activities fail to halt spread of deadly infection
• Does winning an Emmy, an election, or entry to the Baseball Hall of Fame mean you will live longer than those you beat?
• Diabetic medication may protect patients from developing heart failure
• Mutated gene causes nerve cell death
• Selectively manipulating protein modifications
• New research shows that while niacin added to statin therapy increases HDL cholesterol levels it does not improve HDL functionality
• A new drug reduces heart damage, study suggests
• Novel approach to treating children with irregular heart beat
• Early detection of MS treatment complication may improve survival
• Can hormone help treat multiple sclerosis long-term?

Children who avoid scary situations likelier to have anxiety Posted: 11 Mar 2013 05:10 PM PDT Children who avoid situations they find scary are likely to have anxiety a study of more than 800 children ages 7 to 18 found.

Epigenetics mechanism may help explain effects of mom's nutrition on her children's health Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:37 PM PDT Pioneering studies by a molecular geneticist are helping explain how the foods that soon-to-be-moms eat in the days and weeks around the time of conception -- or what's known as periconceptional nutrition –- may affect the way genes function in her children, and her children's health.

Drug shows potential to delay onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:36 PM PDT An anti-atherosclerosis drug greatly reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) leaks in animal models with diabetes and hypercholesterolemia and linked BBB permeability with amyloid peptide deposits at the site of early Alzheimer's pathology.

Largely dismissed heart failure drug may help solve costly problem for medicare and hospitals Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:36 PM PDT The heart failure drug digoxin, used less and less since it "failed" in its 1997 clinical trial, may do something no drug has achieved since: reduce by 34 percent the chances that heart failure patients will be admitted to the hospital within 30 days of first taking it.

Sleep loss precedes Alzheimer's symptoms Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:33 PM PDT Sleep is disrupted in people who likely have early Alzheimer's disease but do not yet have the memory loss or other problems characteristic of full-blown disease, researchers report.

New add-on drug may improve memory in people with moderate Alzheimer's disease Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:33 PM PDT A new drug may improve memory problems in people with moderate Alzheimer's disease, according to a phase IIa study. The drug is called ORM-12741.

Long-suspected cause of blindness from eye disease disproved Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:33 PM PDT The lack of very long chain fatty acids does not cause blindness in children with the incurable eye disease known as Stargardt type 3 retinal degeneration.

Sleep discovery could lead to therapies that improve memory Posted: 11 Mar 2013 02:33 PM PDT A team of sleep researchers has confirmed the mechanism that enables the brain to consolidate memory and found that a commonly prescribed sleep aid enhances the process.

Fluoride in drinking water cuts tooth decay in adults, study shows Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:12 PM PDT A new study has produced the strongest evidence yet that fluoride in drinking water provides dental health benefits to adults, even those who had not received fluoridated drinking water as children.

Older adults benefit from home-based DVD exercise program Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:12 PM PDT A home-based DVD exercise program for people 65 and older offers clinically significant benefits known to be linked to the maintenance of independent living and the avoidance of disability.

Protein abundant in cancerous cells causes DNA 'supercoiling' Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:12 PM PDT A team of scientists has identified a protein that can change DNA topology, making DNA twist up into a so-called "supercoil." The finding provides new insight about the role of the protein -- known as mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) -- in cancer cells, which have high levels of MCM.

Alternative cholesterol-lowering drug for patients who can't tolerate statins Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:11 PM PDT Heart patients who can't tolerate the side effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs may have a new option, according to a new study.

Less sleep leads to more eating and more weight gain, according to new study Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:11 PM PDT Sleeping just five hours a night over a workweek and having unlimited access to food caused participants in a new study to gain nearly two pounds of weight.

Designing interlocking building blocks to create complex tissues Posted: 11 Mar 2013 12:08 PM PDT A new "plug-and-play" method to assemble complex cell microenvironments is a scalable, highly precise way to fabricate tissues with any spatial organization or interest—like those found in the heart or skeleton or vasculature. The study reveals new ways to better mimic the enormous complexity of tissue development, regeneration, and disease.

Discovery may explain how prion diseases spread between different types of animals Posted: 11 Mar 2013 09:42 AM PDT Medical researchers have made a discovery that may explain how prion diseases, like chronic wasting disease and mad cow disease, adapt in order to spread between various types of animals.

Niacin therapy shows no benefits, has some harmful effects Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:18 AM PDT A highly anticipated study evaluating a combination of the vitamin niacin with the anti-flushing agent laropiprant finds the therapy provides no benefit to and may even be harmful for patients with vascular disease, according to new research.

Shock teams and ECMO save lives in massive STEMI Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:18 AM PDT The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, accompanied by mechanical CPR, in patients with massive myocardial infarctions can lead to unexpected survival. ECMO is an advanced technology that functions as a replacement for a critically ill patient's heart and lungs. This is the first report of combined ECMO, mechanical CPR and therapeutic hypothermia use within a STEMI Network.

New anti-clotting drug more effective than current treatment, study suggests Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:18 AM PDT A new and experimental anti-clotting drug, cangrelor, proved better than the commonly used clopidogrel and was significantly more effective at preventing blood clots in a large trial of patients who underwent coronary stent procedures.

Fewer adverse events with 'double kissing' crush stent than culotte Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:18 AM PDT Patients with a type of coronary lesion linked with poor prognosis fared significantly better with the stent technique known as double kissing crush than with culotte stenting, according to new data.

New biolimus stent equal to everolimus stent at one year Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT In a match-up of Japan's top drug-releasing stent and a new device featuring a biodegradable coating, the newcomer delivered statistically comparable one-year results, according to new data.

Encouraging early results for redesigned Sapien valve Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT The new Sapien XT aortic valve showed a non-significantly lower rate of death and strokes at 30 days than the original model, and both valves demonstrated notably better short-term outcomes than seen with the Sapien system in PARTNER I, according to the first results from the PARTNER II study.

Drug protects against kidney injury from imaging dye in ACS patients Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT High doses of a popular cholesterol-lowering drug significantly reduced the rate of acute kidney injury caused by dye used in imaging in acute coronary syndrome patients who underwent a coronary procedure, according to new research. This group of patients is at high risk for kidney damage related to contrast agents used in imaging tests.

Antibiotics are unique assassins Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT In recent years, the notion that there is a single mechanism by which antibiotics wipe out bacteria has permeated the field of microbiology. Now, new research questions that hypothesis.

Nerve damage may underlie widespread, unexplained chronic pain in children Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT Investigators have described what may be a newly identified disease that appears to explain some cases of widespread chronic pain and other symptoms in children and young adults.

Novel 'ultra-deep de novo' assembly solution for heterozygous genomes Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:17 AM PDT Scientists have developed a novel assembly solution for facilitating heterozygous genomes research.

Coffee and tea during pregnancy affect fetal growth Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:16 AM PDT Drinking just two cups of coffee a day is associated with the risk of low birth weight, according to a study on 59,000 women.

Common multiple sclerosis drugs taken together do not reduce relapse risk Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:16 AM PDT A recent clinical trial found that interferon²-1a (INF) and glatiramer acetate (GA), two of the most commonly prescribed drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS), provide no additional clinical benefit when taken together. While findings suggest that taking both INF and GA together was not superior to GA monotherapy in reducing relapse risk; the combination therapy does appear to reduce new lesion activity and total lesion volume.

Grandad's hip fracture a risk factor for Osteoporosis Posted: 11 Mar 2013 07:16 AM PDT Has your paternal or maternal grandfather broken their hip on any occasion? In that case there is a greater risk that your own bones are more fragile as an adult. This has been demonstrated in a study of over 1,000 young adults, which identified those factors increasing the risk of bone fragility in men.

Anemia drug does not improve health of anemic heart failure patients, study shows Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:15 AM PDT Researchers have found that a commonly used drug to treat anemia in heart failure patients -- darbepoetin alfa -- does not improve patients' health, nor does it reduce their risk of death from heart failure.

Mummy CT scans show preindustrial hunter gatherers had clogged arteries Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:15 AM PDT Like nearly 4.6 million Americans, ancient hunter-gatherers also suffered from clogged arteries, revealing that the plaque build-up causing blood clots, heart attacks and strokes is not just a result of fatty diets or couch potato habits.

Aspirin may lower melanoma risk Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:15 AM PDT A new study has found that women who take aspirin have a reduced risk of developing melanoma -- and that the longer they take it, the lower the risk. The findings suggest that aspirin's anti-inflammatory effects may help protect against this type of skin cancer.

Therapies for ALL and AML targeting MER receptor hold promise of more effect with less side-effect Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:15 AM PDT Studies show that the protein receptor Mer is overexpressed in many leukemias, and that inhibition of this Mer receptor results in the death of leukemia cells -- without affecting surrounding, healthy cells.

Study points to essential role of IL-22 in lung repair after the flu Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:15 AM PDT Once the initial episode of influenza has passed, the chronic effects tend to be overlooked. The results of a new study indicate that the cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays a critical role in normal lung repair following influenza infection.

Robots to get stroke patients back on their feet Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:13 AM PDT Strokes are the most common cause of physical disability among the elderly. This often result in paralysis of one side of the body, and many patients suffer much reduced physical mobility and are often unable to walk on their own. Scientists are currently developing a robotic system designed to help stroke patients re-train their bodies.

Extreme work clothes for the Artic Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:13 AM PDT Roughnecks working on oil and gas installations in the Arctic need clothes that monitor the health. Research scientists are developing a jacket with built-in sensors. It will monitor both body temperature and workers' activity, and may become a useful tool for supporting decision-making.

Why people put themselves under the knife: Plastic surgery makes people happy Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:11 AM PDT Scientists have investigated the psychological effects of plastic surgery on approximately 550 patients. Patients demonstrated more enjoyment of life, satisfaction and self-esteem after their physical appearance had been surgically altered.

Combination therapy of CPAP and weight loss for obstructive sleep apnea is effective for lowering blood pressure in obese patients Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:07 AM PDT New research has shown that the combination of CPAP and weight loss for patients with OSA can help lower blood pressure better than either therapy alone.

Trio of biomarkers may help identify kidney cancer in early stages Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:07 AM PDT A new immunoassay that tests for the presence of three biomarkers appears to be a valid screening method for the early detection of malignant kidney cancer, according to new data.

C. Diff prevention activities fail to halt spread of deadly infection Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:07 AM PDT Activities to stop the spread of the intestinal superbug Clostridium difficile are on the rise, but they are not yielding large improvements, according to a nationwide survey of infection preventionists.

Does winning an Emmy, an election, or entry to the Baseball Hall of Fame mean you will live longer than those you beat? Posted: 11 Mar 2013 06:07 AM PDT Research has long linked high socioeconomic status with better health and lower mortality. But what's remained unclear is whether this association has more to do with access to resources (education, wealth, career opportunity, etc.) or the glow of high social status relative to others.

Diabetic medication may protect patients from developing heart failure Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:41 PM PDT A class of medications commonly prescribed to lower blood sugar in diabetic patients appears to protect them from developing heart failure, according to a new study.

Mutated gene causes nerve cell death Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:38 PM PDT The British astrophysicist Stephen Hawking is likely to be the world's most famous person living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. ALS is a progressive disease affecting motor neurons, nerve cells that control muscle function, and nearly always leads to death. Researchers have now identified a completely new mechanism in the onset of motor neuron diseases. Their findings could be the basis for future treatments for these presently incurable diseases.

Selectively manipulating protein modifications Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:38 PM PDT Protein activity is strictly regulated. Incorrect or poor protein regulation can lead to uncontrolled growth and thus cancer or chronic inflammation. Scienitsts have now identified enzymes that can regulate the activity of medically important proteins. Their discovery enables these proteins to be manipulated very selectively, opening up new treatment methods for inflammations and cancer.

New research shows that while niacin added to statin therapy increases HDL cholesterol levels it does not improve HDL functionality Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:38 PM PDT While two large clinical trials recently showed that adding niacin to statin therapy failed to improve clinical outcomes despite a significant increase in HDL-C levels, little is known about exactly why the increased HDL-C levels did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke. Now, a small study has shown that while niacin increased measured levels of HDL-C, it did not improve the functionality of HDL. This may provide an explanation for the failure of niacin to further reduce cardiovascular risk.

A new drug reduces heart damage, study suggests Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:37 PM PDT A single dose of an investigational anti-inflammatory drug called inclacumab considerably reduces damage to heart muscle during angioplasty (the opening of a blocked artery), according to a recent international clinical trial.

Novel approach to treating children with irregular heart beat Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:37 PM PDT Reduced costs, favorable outcomes with three-catheter ablation procedure in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome.

Early detection of MS treatment complication may improve survival Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:37 PM PDT The drug natalizumab is effective for treating multiple sclerosis (MS), but it increases the risk of a rare but potentially fatal brain infection called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). A new study suggests that early detection of PML may help improve survival and disability levels.

Can hormone help treat multiple sclerosis long-term? Posted: 10 Mar 2013 01:37 PM PDT A new study suggests that treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) may be helpful for people whose multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well-controlled through their regular treatment.

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